NEW VITAMIN COENZYME RELATIONSHIPS

描述：我们的主要长期目标是完全了解 生物化学的甲烷形成，这是发现只有在一组 不寻常的微生物甲烷古菌这些有机体在这个 地球10 E11公斤的甲烷（最有效的温室气体），每 年从厌氧栖息地，如瘤胃盲肠，肠 （包括人类）、稻田、沉积物和污水污泥。 我们无法预测对六种独特的辅酶的研究是否会影响到人类的健康。 甲烷形成途径将导致化学治疗的见解， 人类疾病，或者它们是否仅有助于对 生物化学。重要的是，这些不寻常的辅酶之一， F420是分枝杆菌中的电子载体。 甲烷古菌在许多方面与典型的细菌不同。基因 复制、转录和翻译与酵母非常相似， 人类，而代谢功能的基因与典型的 细菌在现有的两个完整的基因组序列中，约有50%到 60%的基因组代表未知的新功能。通过使用新的基因 我们为甲烷八叠球菌开发的技术， 代谢多样的甲烷古菌，我们打算利用我们的知识， 这些辅酶和酶，以获得新的视野到生物化学的辅酶， 酶解酶，酶-辅酶控制和调节，以及 提供了关于基因组未知部分的知识。另一个目的 涉及对磷的氧化/还原的探索性研究， 甲烷栖息地，其中磷化氢（HSP），一种剧毒气体，已被 在沉积物、稻田和人体肠道中检测到。

DESCRIPTION: Our major long term objective is to completely understand the biochemistry of methane formation which is found only in a group of unusual microbes, the Methanoarchaea. These organisms produce on this planet 10E11 kilograms of methane (the most efficient greenhouse gas) per year from anaerobic habitats such as the rumen caecum, intestine (including humans), rice paddies, sediments, and sewage sludge. We cannot predict whether the study of six unusual co-enzymes unique to the methane formation pathway will lead to chemotherapeutic insights in human disease or whether they will contribute only to a general understand of biochemistry. It is significant that one of these unusual co-enzymes, F420, has recently been found to be an electron carrier in Mycobacterium. The Methanoarchaea differ in many ways from typical bacteria. Genes for replication, transcription, and translation are very similar to yeast and humans, whereas genes for metabolic functions are similar to typical bacteria. Of the two complete genome sequences now available, about 50% to 60% of the genome represents unknown new functions. By use of new genetic techniques which we have developed for Methanosarcina, the most metabolically diverse methanoarchaeon, we intend to use our knowledge of these co-enzymes and enzymes to gain new sights into biochemistry of co- enzyme synthases, enzyme-co-enzyme control and regulation, as well as to provide knowledge about the unknown half of the genome. Another objective concerns exploratory studies on the oxidation/reduction of phosphorus in methanogenic habitats where phosphine (HSP), a highly toxic gas, has been detected in sediments, rice paddies, and the human intestine.