CUE REACTIVITY IN COMORBID PTSD AND DRUG DEPENDENCE

描述(申请人摘要)： 创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的共病比率高得惊人 物质使用障碍(SODS)需要进一步了解 创伤后应激障碍的基本机制影响肥胖症的各个方面，反之亦然。 被概念化为条件反射、犯罪和物质相关的产物 线索已被认为在发育过程中具有重要功能 以及维持每一种混乱状态。然而，研究人员还没有研究 这些线索适用于同时患有创伤后应激障碍和创伤后应激障碍的个体。整体而言 研究设计包括通过评估1)来测量线索反应性 情感和酒精/毒品渴求的主观评分和2)生理 对酒精/毒品和与犯罪有关的线索的反应。一个主要假设 患有创伤后应激障碍和创伤后应激障碍的人会表现出更高水平的 毒品渴求对犯罪相关线索的反应比个人在 以下三组：仅有SUD、仅有创伤后应激障碍和“无精神障碍”。一秒钟 假设是与患有创伤后应激障碍和躯体功能障碍的人相比 其他三个群体中的个人，会有更强的负面情绪 对与犯罪有关的线索的情感反应，这反过来又产生了负面的 对药物的反应会导致更高的药物渴望的情感状态 暗示。将进行全面评估，以确定轴心1 精神障碍，完整的创伤病史，以及SUD的严重程度。跟随 完成面谈和自我报告问卷，每个合格的 受试者将观看五个类别中每一个类别的标准化幻灯片： 物质，犯罪，中立，令人不快，令人愉快。生理指标 (心率、皮肤电活动、眼轮匝肌、皱眉肌和颧骨 肌电)将被用来测量线索的反应性。主观评分 每一张图片都会在一秒钟内获得影响和药物渴望 幻灯片的演示。在第二部分中，受试者将经历一个意象 任务，在该任务中，他们接触到由他们的 主观评价为“最严重”的犯罪事件。这次曝光之后，将会有 接触药物线索，紧随其后的是情感和渴望。措施 在整个实验过程中都会发生生理唤醒。结果是 这项研究对开发治疗干预措施可能至关重要。 旨在满足患有创伤后应激障碍和合并创伤后应激障碍患者的需求。 更准确地识别能够 引发对药物的渴望和随后的药物使用将有助于 为消除这种联系而进行的干预，从而导致更多 治疗创伤后应激障碍和躯体功能障碍的有效方法。

DESCRIPTION (Applicant's Abstract): The strikingly high rate of comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorders (SUDs) necessitates further understanding of how basic mechanisms underlying PTSD influence aspects of SUDs and vice versa. Conceptualized as a product of conditioning, crime- and substance-related cues have been identified as having important functions in the development and maintenance of each disorder. However, researchers have not yet studied these cues in individuals who suffer from both PTSD and SUD. The overall study design involves the measurement of cue reactivity by evaluating 1) subjective ratings of affect and alcohol/drug craving and 2) physiological responses to alcohol/drug and crime-related cues. One principal hypothesis is that individuals with both PTSD and SUD will demonstrate higher levels of drug craving in response to crime-related cues than individuals in the following three groups: SUD only, PTSD only, and "no disorder." A second hypothesis is that individuals with comorbid PTSD and SUD, as compared to individuals in the other three groups, will have a stronger negative affective response to crime-related cues, which, in turn, creates a negative affective state that will lead to higher drug craving in response to drug cues. Comprehensive assessment will be conducted to determine Axis 1 disorders, complete history of trauma, and severity of SUD. Following completion of interview and self-report questionnaires, each eligible subject will view standardized slides in each of five categories: substance, crime, neutral, unpleasant, and pleasant. Physiological measures (heart rate, electrodermal activity, orbicularis, corrugator and zygomatic EMG) will be utilized to measure cue reactivity. Subjective ratings of affect and drug craving will be obtained for each picture during a second presentation of the slides. In Part 2, subjects will undergo an imagery task, wherein they are exposed to a script (auditory) constructed from their subjectively rated "worst" crime event. This exposure will be followed by exposure to drug cues, followed by ratings of affect and craving. Measures of physiological arousal will occur throughout the experiment. The results of this investigation may be critical for developing treatment interventions designed to address the needs of the patients with a SUD and comorbid PTSD. More accurate identification of the types of cues that are capable of triggering drug craving and subsequent drug use will aid the development of interventions to extinguish such connections, and therefore, lead to more effective methods of treating both PTSD and SUD.