CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY OF AQUATIC TOXINS

建议的研究是为了阐明化学和生物合成。 藻类和其他严重影响公众健康的水生毒素。 化学工作的目的是为设计提供基本信息 预防和治疗措施，并发现新的特定地点 毒素作为研究重要生物机制的工具 神经受体，如钠通道和谷氨酸受体。这个 生物合成工作的目的是阐明形成地点和 水生生物独特的新陈代谢途径。由此产生的信息 将有助于考虑诸如毒力获得等重要问题 赤潮生物和海洋动物，以及大规模生产的重要 海洋产品。 具体而言，1)的结构、分布和生物合成 兴奋性氨基酸，如软骨藻酸和海人藻酸；2)麻痹 贝类毒素(PSP)，如红曲霉毒素和裸虾毒素；3)聚醚 短杆菌毒素和冈田酸衍生物等毒素；4)蓝绿色 藻类毒素，如氰基肌苷和阿凡诺芬；5)河豚毒素及其 衍生品将受到调查。 这项工作将涉及生物体的培养、分析和提纯 使用层析方法对毒素进行分析，通过现代技术进行结构解析 光谱学方法，如2D-核磁共振和X射线结晶学以及同位素 使用稳定和放射性同位素的标记研究。孤立 毒素将被提供给神经生理学家进行药理学研究。

The proposed research is to elucidate the chemistry and biosynthesis of algal and other aquatic toxins which have serious impact on public health. The chemical work is intended to provide basic information to design preventive and curative measures, and also to discover new site-specific toxins as tools to investigate important biological mechanisms involving neural receptors such as sodium channels and glutamate receptors. The biosynthesis work is intended to elucidate the sites of formation and unique metabolic pathways in aquatic organisms. The resulting information will help to consider such important issues as the virulency acquisition of red tide organisms and marine animals, and the mass production of important marine products. Specifically, the structures, distribution, and biosynthesis of 1) excitatory amino acids such as domoic acid and kainic acid; 2) paralytic shellfish poisons (PSP) such as saxitoxin and gonyautoxins; 3) polyether toxins such as brevetoxins and okadaic acid derivatives; 4) blue-green algal toxins such as cyanoginosins and aphanorphin; 5) tetrodotoxin and its derivatives will be investigated. The work will involve the culturing of organisms, analysis and purification of toxins using chromatographic methods, structure elucidation by modern spectroscopic methods such as 2D-NMR and X-ray crystallography, and isotope labeling studies using both stable and radioactive isotopes. Isolated toxins will be provided to neurophysiologists for pharmacological studies.