MICROBIAL BASED PRODUCTION OF ANOPHELES GAMBIAE

在疟疾流行地区，按蚊从其水生幼虫栖息地的繁殖是其密度的主要决定因素。 在自然界中，微生物是蚊子幼虫自然饮食的重要组成部分;我们在FIRCA申请的父母资助下的工作表明，微生物数量和质量的变化导致幼虫生长的变化，因此成虫的生产力也不同。 我们认为，微生物对蚊子幼虫的重要性在其生物学中产生了一个薄弱环节，可以利用这个环节来管理蚊子种群。 通过了解微生物如何为蚊子幼虫提供营养，维持和限制蚊子幼虫的生长，对幼虫具有天然致病性，或者可以被设计为致病性，我们可以确定幼虫栖息地中可能适合操作的生物因素。 在这项建议中，我们将量化的营养制度，表征微生物群落，并链接到蚊子冈比亚按蚊S.1幼虫栖息地的成蚊生产微生物的生产。在肯尼亚西部的阿森博湾研究区。 这项应用的肯尼亚合作者，约翰M。Vulule正在对该研究区域120平方公里区域内这些生境的分布和化学组成进行研究，并发现1，766个生境聚集在57个地区。 我们假设，这些栖息地是营养贫乏，并显示藻类自养生产力和细菌异养生产力，前者可能更显着的蚊子生长。 方法包括对栖息地的水进行取样，并对无机和有机营养状况进行量化;使用直接计数和细菌分离和鉴定对微生物群落进行表征;以及与藻类和细菌生产力估计相关的定量幼虫生长研究。

The production of Anopheles mosquitoes from their aquatic, larval habitats is the primary determinant of their density in malaria endemic areas. In nature, microorganisms form an essential component of the natural diet of larval mosquitoes; our work under the Parent Grant to this FIRCA application indicates that variation in quantity and quality of microorganisms results in variable larval growth, and therefore adult productivity. We argue that the significance of microorganisms to larval mosquitoes creates a weak link in their biology that can potentially be exploited to manage mosquito populations. By understanding how microorganisms supply nutrients to larval mosquitoes, sustain and limit larval mosquito growth, are naturally pathogenic to larvae, or can be engineered to be pathogenic, we can identify biological factors in larval habitats that may be amenable to manipulation. In this proposal, we will quantify the nutrient regime, characterize the microbial community, and link microbial production to adult mosquito production in larval habitats of the mosquito Anopheles gambiae s.1. in the Asembo Bay study area in western Kenya. The Kenyan collaborator for this application, Dr. John M. Vulule, has ongoing studies of the distribution and chemical composition of these habitats in a 120 km2 zone of this study area, and has found 1,766 habitats clustered into 57 areas. We hypothesize that these habitats are nutrient poor, and show both algal autotrophic productivity and bacterial heterotrophic productivity; the former is likely to weigh more significantly to mosquito growth. Methods include sampling habitat water and quantifying inorganic and organic nutrient regimes; characterization of the microbial community using direct count and bacterial isolation and identification; and quantitative larval growth studies linked to estimations of algal and bacterial productivity.