MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING FOR SMOKING CESSATION

描述：我们知道，持续3分钟或更短的简短干预可以帮助吸烟者更有效地戒烟。尽管如此，大多数临床医生（医生、药剂师、牙医、护士等）在执业过程中并不进行戒烟干预。缺乏临床医生关于戒烟的知识和技能，以及吸烟者对戒烟的抵制是更好实践的主要障碍。动机访谈（MI）量身定制干预措施，以解决患者改变和克服阻力的准备情况。通过这种方式，在正确的时间提供正确的干预措施。MIRIS是一个基于互联网的培训项目，向临床医生教授戒烟的心肌梗死。这是通过临床医生与计算机模拟的病人进行互动的模拟访谈来完成的。在MIRIS模拟中，学习者被问及他们的行为以及对评估和干预过程的理解，然后给予有针对性的反馈。学习者掌握基本知识后，通过实时大声说话对模拟患者做出反应。这些口语练习课程可以帮助临床医生打破“说话障碍”，这种障碍会阻碍未练习技能的使用。我们假设，接受MIRIS培训的学习者将证明MI技能的提高，减少临床医生的知识障碍，并为他们面对抗拒改变的患者做好准备。

DESCRIPTION: We know that brief interventions lasting 3 minutes or less can help smokers quit more effectively. Despite this, most clinicians (physicians, pharmacists, dentists, nurses, etc.) do not conduct smoking cessation interventions in the course of their practice. Lack of clinician knowledge and skills about smoking cessation, and smokers' resistance to quitting are major barriers to better practice. Motivational Interviewing (MI) tailors interventions to address patient readiness to change and overcome resistance. In this way, the right intervention is delivered at the right time. MIRIS, an internet-based training program, teaches clinicians MI for smoking cessation. This is accomplished through simulated interviews in which clinicians interact with computer-modeled patients. In MIRIS simulations, learners are questioned about their actions and understanding of the assessment and intervention process and then given targeted feedback. After acquiring basic knowledge, learners respond to simulated patients by speaking aloud in real time. These oral practice sessions may help clinicians break the "speaking barrier" that can inhibit use of unpracticed skills. We hypothesize that learners trained with MIRIS will evidence improved MI skills, reducing the knowledge barrier for clinicians and preparing them for encounters with patients who are resistant to change.