CONSUMER & PROVIDER PERCEPTIONS OF PATIENT CENTERED CARE

护理一直致力于提供以病人为中心的护理。然而，在这方面， 它在这方面的成功受到传统医学的限制， 该模式侧重于患者作为护理的依赖接受者。 通常，医疗保健服务的类型和提供方法是 由供应商定义和确定。最近，有一个 从病人作为护理接受者到 患者作为消费者和护理伙伴。然而，改变 从患者到消费者的术语并不一定确保 患者将被视为消费者。 这种焦点的转变主要是由于监管机构的授权， 医疗保健组织采用工业质量的支付者 改进（QI）模型。工业界成功地与他们的 客户应用新的质量测量和过程概念， 提高产品的功能性，降低产品成本， 服务专家指出，有理由认为， 护理成本和结果也可以通过增加 患者参与医疗服务过程。那里 这些模式有两个主要组成部分：1）满足客户的需求， 偏好和期望; 2）减少浪费和错误。

Nursing has always endeavored to provide patient-centered care. However, its success in this effort has been limited by the traditional medical model which focuses on patients as dependent receivers of care. Typically, the types of health care services and methods of delivery are defined and determined by providers. Recently, there has been a theoretical shift in the paradigm from patient as recipient of care to patient as consumer and partner in care. However, changing the terminology from patient to consumer does not necessarily ensure that patients will be treated as consumers. This shift in focus is largely due to a mandate from regulators and payers for health care organizations to adopt industrial quality improvement (QI) models. Industry is successfully partnering with their customers in applying new quality measurement and process concepts to improve the functionality and reduce the cost of their products and services. Experts indicate that it is reasonable to assume that health care costs and outcomes can be similarly improved by increasing the involvement of the patient in the process of health care delivery. There are two major components of these models: 1) meeting customer's needs, preferences, and expectations; and 2) reducing waste and error.