HOPELESSNESS AND PESSIMISM--HYPERTENSIVE HEART DISEASE

我们建议调查认知因素之间的关系， 特别是悲观的归因方式，对心血管和 静息、响应和恢复期间的神经内分泌反应性 从实验室和自然生活的压力源。 80个双种族样本 绝经后女性（年龄40-69岁）和40名年龄匹配的男性， 招募参加。 血压及其血流动力学成分 （每搏输出量，总外周阻力）将在 实验室方案包括静息基线、三项应激源任务 （言语、心算和冷加压冰任务）和恢复 时期 血浆儿茶酚胺和皮质醇也将在 基线和压力源期间。 归因风格的关系 将评估血压和神经内分泌参数， 控制量化人口统计信息和已知 高血压的危险因素（社会经济地位、父母病史 高血压）。 归因风格与24小时记忆的关系 动态血压和尿皮质醇测量也将 进行评估。

We propose to investigate the relationship of cognitive factors, specially pessimistic attributional style, to cardiovascular and neuroendocrine reactivity at rest, in response to and during recovery from laboratory and natural life stressors. A bi-racial sample of 80 postmenopausal women (age 40-69) and 40 aged-matched men will be recruited to participate. Blood pressure and its hemodynamic components (stroke volume, total peripheral resistance) will be measured during a laboratory protocol consisting of resting baseline, three stressor tasks (speech, mental arithmetic, and cold pressor ice tasks) and recovery periods. Plasma catecholamines and cortisol will also be measured at baseline and during stressors. The relationship of attributional style to blood pressure and neuroendocrine parameters will be assessed, controlling for variables quantifying demographic information and known risk factors for hypertension (socioeconomic status, parental history of hypertension). The association of attributional style with 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure and urinary cortisol measurements will also be assessed.