Breakthrough High Temperature Heat Pump Technology for Foundation Industry Decarbonisation

联合国将气候变化描述为我们这个时代的决定性危机，这场危机的发生速度比以前担心的还要快。2017年，人类活动导致的全球变暖比工业化前水平高出约1°C，并以每十年0.2°C的速度继续增加。为了将与工业化前水平相比的温度上升幅度控制在2°C以下，需要在全球范围内减少温室气体排放。工业部门（其中化学制造是重要组成部分）占全球温室气体排放量的46%左右。因此，提高工业能源效率对减少温室气体排放具有重要作用。工业余热回收被认为是减少温室气体排放的重要技术。目前，大多数低于100°C的热量都损失在周围环境中，尽管理论上可以使用高效热泵技术捕获。热泵使用电动压缩机在逆卡诺循环中将低温废工业热源提升为有价值的高温热量，通常以蒸汽或加压水的形式。特别地，高温热泵（HTHP）由国际能源署定义为将40-60°C的热源温度转换为80-100°C的散热器温度的那些热泵（目前市场提供的），而高温高压运行在散热器和源温度分别高于100°C和60°C。虽然高温高压的环境效益和潜力是很好的理解，由于技术上的挑战和与传统锅炉和化石燃料（200英镑/千瓦）相比其较高的成本（500 - 900英镑/千瓦），它们尚未获得广泛的商业接受。然而，据估计，世界一次能源消耗的2.85%作为低于100°C的工业废热损失。如果欧盟所有的工业废热都能被捕获，那么我们估计这将相当于减少约1500万吨/年的二氧化碳排放量。（大约相当于减少2000万辆汽油汽车的使用）。（主要SME）将与Projective合作（中小企业伙伴;英国领先的技术咨询和工程服务提供商）开发世界上第一台低于1 MW的高温热-在商业上可以与燃烧化石燃料竞争的泵。通过克服现有的技术和商业障碍，该项目将释放大规模捕获废低温热量的能力。减缓气候变化，支持英国的净零目标。

Climate change has been described by the UN as the defining crisis of our time, which is happening even more quickly than previously feared. Human-induced warming reached approximately 1°C above pre-industrial levels in 2017 and is continuing to increase at 0.2°C per decade.To keep the temperature increase compared to pre-industrial levels below an increase of 2°C, global reduction in greenhouse gas emissions is required. The industrial sector (of which Chemical Manufacturing is a significant part) is responsible for around 46% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Thus, improving industrial energy efficiency has a significant role to play in reducing greenhouse gas emissions.Industrial waste heat recovery is recognised as a vital technology to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Currently, most heat below 100°C is lost to the ambient environment, even though it could theoretically be captured using high-efficiency heat-pump technology. Heat pumps use electrically activated compressors in a reverse Carnot cycle to raise the low-temperature waste industrial heat source to valuable high-temperature heat, usually in the form of steam or pressurised water. In particular, high-temperature heat pumps (HTHPs) are defined by the International Energy Agency as those which convert heat source temperatures of 40-60°C to heat sink temperatures of 80-100°C (the current market offer), while very HTHPs operate at heat sink and source temperatures of above 100°C and 60°C, respectively.Although the environmental benefits and potential of HTHPs are well understood, they have not yet gained widespread commercial acceptance because of technological challenges and their higher cost (at c£500 - 900/kW) compared to conventional boilers and fossil fuels (c£200/kW). Yet, it has been estimated that 2.85% of the world's primary energy consumption is lost as industrial waste heat below 100°C. If all the industrial waste heat in the EU could be captured, then we estimate that this would be equivalent to a reduction of approximately 15 million tonnes/year of carbon dioxide emissions (roughly equivalent to taking 20 million petrol cars off the road).With Innovate UK support, Nthalpy (lead SME) will partner with Projective (partner SME; leading UK provider of technical consulting and engineering services) to develop the world's first sub-1MW high-temperature heat-pump that can compete commercially with burning fossil fuels. By overcoming the existing technological and commercial barriers, this project will unlock the ability to capture waste low-temperature heat at scale. Mitigating climate change and supporting the UK's net zero ambition.