Glastonbury Abbey: Archaeological Archive Project

格拉斯顿伯里修道院是理解英国修道院的关键，它在英国流行文化中占有特殊的地位。1904至1979年间进行了34个季节的发掘，但结果仍未公布。该项目将分析和出版考古史上的标志性人物在格拉斯顿伯里修道院的挖掘档案：圣约翰·霍普(1904年)，布莱·邦德(1908-21年)，Peers and Clapham(1928-1939)和Ralegh Radford(1951年-)。格拉斯顿伯里修道院的受托人是项目合作伙伴，研究结果将为遗址解释和博物馆展示提供参考。格拉斯顿伯里修道院是英国最早的修道院之一，可能可以追溯到7世纪，据说是唯一一座一直居住到16世纪的修道院。1191年，僧侣们声称他们发现了亚瑟和格尼维尔的坟墓，后来他们促进了与阿里马西亚的约瑟夫的联系，声称他在公元63年建立了第一座教堂。亚瑟王的联系是在1184年的一场毁灭性的大火之后发展起来的，当时需要资金来重建修道院。考古发掘主要集中在墓地的主要隐蔽山脉和部分地区，并发现了大量的石制品、窗户玻璃、陶器、瓷砖和小发现。该遗址对考古学术的核心重要性源于一系列中世纪早期教堂的中期出版，一个瓦勒姆围栏，可能是英国最早的修道院，以及包括独特玻璃炉在内的手工艺活动。该项目将分析档案记录和出土发现，以考虑关键的研究问题。有证据表明这座早期修道院被占领了吗？早期的“家族”教堂和第一修道院的形式和日期是什么？是否可以证明连续占有？早期手工艺中心的规模和范围是什么？是否有可能重建早期修道院的分区和土地使用以及随后的中世纪辖区的发展？我们能重建中世纪后期修道院的建筑形式、风格和发展吗？对神话和邪教活动的重视是否在中世纪的教堂和修道院创造了独特的布局？对档案的分析将得到对该地区的新的地球物理调查的补充。地球物理学将加强对修道院挖掘的解释，并增加对更广泛区域的了解。它还将促进对幸存的埋藏矿藏的评估，有助于保护它们并指导未来的研究。格拉斯顿伯里档案的全面出版将在修道院考古学方面实现一个重大里程碑。除了修道院的内在历史意义外，该遗址在了解早期中世纪的玻璃加工以及促进对早期和晚期中世纪修道院计划之间的过渡的理解方面也具有国际重要性。该项目的成果将以专著形式出版，并可通过考古数据处作为在线数据库查阅。这个项目将在一个受到国际学术观众、当地社区和每年超过10万名修道院游客的多教派社区高度重视的网站上展示新的发现。

Glastonbury Abbey is crucial to understanding British monasticism, and it holds a special place in English popular culture. Thirty-four seasons of excavations took place between 1904 and 1979, but the results have remained unpublished. This project will analyse and publish the archive of excavations at Glastonbury Abbey by iconic figures in the history of archaeology: St John Hope (1904), Bligh Bond (1908-21), Peers and Clapham (1928-39) and Ralegh Radford (1951-64). The Trustees of Glastonbury Abbey are project partners and the results of the study will inform site interpretation and museum display.Glastonbury was one of the earliest monasteries in England, likely dating from the seventh century, and was reputedly the only one to have enjoyed continuous occupation to the sixteenth century. In 1191 the monks alleged that they had uncovered the graves of Arthur and Guinevere, and later they promoted a link with Joseph of Arimathea, claiming that he had founded the first church in AD 63. The Arthurian connection was developed after a devastating fire of 1184, when funds were needed to rebuild the Abbey. Archaeological excavations focused on the main claustral ranges and parts of the cemetery, and substantial assemblages were recovered of worked stone, window glass, pottery, ceramic tiles and small finds. The site's central importance to archaeological scholarship stems from the interim publication of a series of early medieval churches, a vallum enclosure, potentially the earliest cloister in Britain, and craft-working activities including unique glass furnaces. This project will analyse the archive records and excavated finds to consider key research questions. Is there evidence for occupation pre-dating the early monastery? What is the form and date of the early 'family' of churches and the first cloister? Can continuous occupation be demonstrated? What was the scale and extent of the early craft-working centre? Is it possible to reconstruct the zoning and land-use of the early monastery and the subsequent development of the medieval precinct? Can we reconstruct the architectural form, style and development of the later medieval abbey? Did the emphasis placed on myth and cult activities create a distinctive layout in the medieval church and cloister? Analysis of the archive will be complemented by a new geophysical survey of the precinct. The geophysics will enhance interpretation of the cloister excavations and increase knowledge of the broader precinct. It will also facilitate the assessment of surviving buried deposits, contributing to their conservation and guiding future research. The full publication of the Glastonbury archive will achieve a major landmark in monastic archaeology. Beyond the intrinsic historical significance of the Abbey, the site is of demonstrated international importance in understanding early medieval glassworking, and for advancing understanding of the transition between the early and later medieval monastic plans. The results of the project will be published as a monograph and will be accessible as an online database through the Archaeology Data Service. This project will present new findings on a site that is highly valued by the international academic audience, the local community and the multi-denominational community of visitors to the Abbey, numbering over 100,000 each year.