Anglo-Scottish migration and the Making of Great Britain, 1603-1762The University of Manchester

《安格洛-苏格兰移民和大不列颠的形成，1603-1762》将调查近代早期英格兰和苏格兰之间的移民。虽然关于这一时期英国对外移民的研究已经发展起来，但很少包括对英国国内移民的关注。因此，在以盎格鲁-苏格兰政治关系变化为特征的时期，这场运动对英国国家或英国身份发展的长期影响没有得到任何详细的考虑。该网络进行的研究将集中在从1603年王室联盟到1707年英格兰和苏格兰议会联盟到18世纪中叶，那时英国国家是安全的，可以说英国身份已经出现。这一时期的两端分别是詹姆斯六世和我，他是后来成为大不列颠国王的苏格兰国王，以及布特勋爵，他是一位苏格兰政治家，后来成为大不列颠首相。该网络产生的研究将询问早期现代时期在英格兰定居的苏格兰人的个人和群体的起源，并探索他们在这场运动中的经历。它将确定发生这种移民的催化剂及其对英格兰和苏格兰这两个合成国家以及作为一个连贯国家的大不列颠的影响。该网络将主要从历史的角度考虑这一问题，但将纳入相关学科的学者，并将提出与当代社会相关的问题(见学术受益者/影响摘要)。在社会上层，有大量证据表明，苏格兰人在王室、政府、军队和殖民地任职，并融入贵族圈子。在这一层面之下，情况就不那么清晰了。这个网络将超越现有的关于苏格兰医生和士兵经历的模糊概念，揭示普通苏格兰人的故事，他们来到英格兰，他们的生活成为创造不列颠的粘合剂的一部分。离开他们在苏格兰的家并在英格兰为自己创造新生活的个人的经历和看法必须与我们对国家形成和民族认同的分析放在一起。他们为什么离开；他们去了哪里；他们带来了什么技能；他们遇到了什么阻力；他们在多大程度上创造了新的身份？这些只是网络将考虑的问题中的一部分，我们将使用一系列理论方法来回答这些问题，包括定量和定性方法。这项研究将尝试考虑在英格兰定居的苏格兰人的数量，分析他们的职业分类，并评估地区差异，但也将评估他们的动机并将选定的叙述联系起来。将解决的一个中心问题是，这种移民可能被认为在多大程度上是成功的。工作论点是，苏格兰人在英格兰并没有遇到困难，他们在东道国社会的各个阶层都混在一起，他们自己身份的合法性也没有受到严重挑战，也没有任何阻碍他们融入当地社区的障碍。苏格兰人可以选择保持独特的苏格兰特色，也可以同化成为英格兰人，甚至是英国人。这一论断需要用更多的实证数据来检验，尤其是在精英社会之外。但如果它是正确的，我们需要一个更精致的解释，而不是一些相似的语言和宗教以及统一的君主制的模糊概念。我们还可以构建一个“成功”的移民模式，以期为移民政策的讨论提供支持。

'Anglo-Scottish migration and the Making of Great Britain, 1603-1762' will investigate migration between England and Scotland in the early modern period. Although studies of British external migration in this period have been developed, this has seldom included a focus on movement within Britain. Consequently, the long-term effects of this movement for the development of the British state or a British identity in a period characterised by a changing Anglo-Scottish political relationship have not been considered in any detail.The research undertaken by the network will focus on the period from the union of the crowns in 1603, through the union of the English and Scottish parliaments in 1707, and into the mid-eighteenth century, by which time the British state was secure and a form of British identity had arguably emerged. At either end of this period stands James VI and I, a Scottish king who became king of Great Britain, and Lord Bute, a Scottish politician who became prime minister of Great Britain. The research generated by the network will ask questions regarding the origins of individual and groups of Scots who settled in England in the early modern period, and explore their experiences of this movement. It will identify the catalysts for this migration taking place and its consequences both for the composite nations of England and Scotland, and for Great Britain as a coherent state. The network will consider this primarily from an historical perspective, but will incorporate scholars of related disciplines and will ask questions with relevance to contemporary society (see Academic Beneficiaries/Impact Summary).In the upper levels of society there is significant evidence of Scots at the royal court, in government, holding military and colonial offices, and integrating within aristocratic circles. Below this strata the picture is less clear. This network will penetrate beyond existing, vague notions regarding the experiences of Scottish doctors and soldiers, to uncover the stories of ordinary Scots who made their way to England and whose lives became part of the glue that created Great Britain. The experiences and perception of individuals who left their homes in Scotland and made new lives for themselves in England must be placed alongside our analysis of state formation and national identity. Why did they leave; where did they go; what skills did they bring with them; what resistance did they encounter; to what extent did they create new identities? These are just some of the questions that will be considered by the network, and we will answer them by using a range of theoretical approaches, embracing both quantitative and qualitative methodologies. This research will include an attempt to consider the number of Scots who settled in England, to analyse their occupational classification, and to assess regional variation, but will also assess their motives and relate selected narratives.One central question that will be addressed is the extent to which this migration might be considered to be successful. The working thesis is that Scots did not have a difficult time in England, that they mixed at all levels in the host society, and that neither was the legitimacy of their own identity seriously challenged, or any impediment put in the way of their integration into local communities. Scots could choose to remain distinctively Scottish, or they could assimilate and become English, or indeed British. That thesis needs to be tested with greater empirical data, particularly outside elite society. But if it is correct, we need a more refined explanation than some indistinct notions of similar language and religion and a united monarchy. We may also be able to construct a model of 'successful' migration with a view to feeding into discussion of migration policy.