Church, State, and Nation: The Journals of Herbert Hensley Henson, 1900-1939.

亨斯利·亨森（Hensley Henson，1863-1947），达勒姆主教（1920- 1939），是一位著名的尖锐的公共道德家，他未出版的日记是评论和观点的杰作--事实上，是英国最伟大的日记之一。对亨森及其期刊的研究将对世纪初英国的政治、知识和教会史做出巨大贡献。在大多数情况下，这些历史分支学科彼此相对孤立，阻碍了对现代英国重要因素的深入理解。亨森的期刊提供了一种独特的方法来克服这些局限性。他不仅在宗教和教会问题上是一位领先的辩论家-他是第一位主张废除英国国教的主教-而且在社会，政治，工业，道德甚至医学辩论的广泛领域。他完成了这一角色，作为一个多产的传教士，议长在上议院，作家，并为报纸撰稿。到目前为止，由于忽视了政治、思想和有组织的宗教之间至关重要的现代交叉点，这些期刊还没有得到系统的利用。这些期刊揭示了政治和宗教机构之间的流动边界，以及这些机构对国家、国家教会、自由教会、国家和社区的共同理念的依赖。在2014-15年由达勒姆大学资助的一个试点项目之后，这项研究将创建三分之二期刊的数字学术版，从1900年到1939年的63卷，当时亨森作为一个公共道德家和作为这些动荡年代的伟大事件和伟大人物的评论家最为突出。这些期刊不仅提供了对教会各个方面（机构，主教和牧灵）的独特见解，而且还提供了国家和地区政治;关于一个极端的大都市精英和另一个极端的达勒姆煤田的社会问题;社会和宗教思想和文学生活;以及国际事务。这些期刊的研究潜力将在跨越这些问题的学术文章中得到证明。数字版将使亨森的文学天赋和独特的见解，他的年龄，以享受广大读者。英国公共生活中的世俗化在多大程度上受到了机构之间权力转移和公众对宗教态度变化的影响？世纪初民主的发展对教会与国家的关系有何影响？在关于宗教在国家生活中的地位的辩论中，哪些声音，世俗的和神职人员的，是最突出的？教会内的领袖人物如何有效地与公众、政治和知识分子就公共政策问题进行接触？教会在当地和全国都拥有什么样的权威--文化的、道德的、精神的和政治的？教会对塑造英国和英国民族认同做出了什么贡献，无论是与英国其他教会合作还是反对？教会内部的联盟和冲突在多大程度上是由公共生活中更广泛的影响网络塑造的？这项研究对英国历史，政治思想，生活写作，宗教研究和文学史的学术研究有许多好处。它将产生新的视角对世俗化的英国社会在20世纪世纪，和有效的教会在反击它。亨森的个人主义和工会主义的微妙之处将加强对保守党的政治思想的理解。这些期刊将带来关于牧师与教区、院长与分会、主教与教区之间现代关系的新见解，以及不断变化的布道风格。它们还包含了对文学历史学家有价值的圣经和文学讨论的财富。这一版本将被证明具有持久的重要性。

Hensley Henson (1863-1947), Bishop of Durham, 1920-39, was a famously trenchant public moralist, and his unpublished journals are masterpieces of commentary and opinion - indeed, one of the greatest of English diaries. Research on Henson and his journals will make a large contribution to the political, intellectual, and ecclesiastical history of Britain during the early 20th century. For the most part, these historical sub-disciplines exist in relative isolation from one other, hindering deeper understanding of important elements in modern Britain. Henson's journals offer a unique means to overcome these limitations. He was a leading controversialist not only on religious and ecclesiastical issues - he was the first bishop to advocate disestablishment of the Church of England - but across wide areas of social, political, industrial, moral and even medical debate. He fulfilled this role as a prolific preacher, speaker in the House of Lords, author, and contributor to newspapers. So far no systematic use has been made of the journals, because of the neglect of crucial modern intersections between politics, thought, and organised religion. The journals reveal the fluid boundaries between political and religious institutions, and the dependence of these institutions on a common set of ideas about the state, a national church, the free churches, nationhood, and community.Following a pilot project during 2014-15 funded by Durham University, the research will create a digital scholarly edition of two-thirds of the journals, the 63 volumes from 1900 to 1939 when Henson was most prominent as a public moralist and as a commentator on the great events and great figures of these turbulent years. The journals provide exceptional insight not just into all aspects of the Church (institutional, episcopal and pastoral), but also national and regional politics; social issues concerning the metropolitan elite at one extreme and the Durham coalfields at another; social and religious thought and literary life; and international affairs. The research potential of the journals will be demonstrated in scholarly articles that cut across these concerns. The digital edition will enable Henson's literary gifts and unique insights into his age to be enjoyed by a wide readership.The questions that will guide the research include the following. How far has secularisation in British public life been affected by shifts of power between institutions, and by changes in public attitudes towards religion? What were the implications for Church-State relations of the growth of democracy during the early 20th century? Which voices, lay and clerical, were most prominent in the debates about the place of religion in national life? How effectively did leading figures within the Church engage with public, political, and intellectual opinion on issues of public policy? What authority - cultural, moral, spiritual, and political - did the Church command, both locally and nationally? What contribution did the Church make to shaping English and British national identity, both in partnership with and in opposition to other churches in the UK? To what extent were alliances and conflicts within the Church shaped by wider networks of influence in public life?The research has many benefits for scholarship in British history, political thought, life-writing, religious studies, and literary history. It will generate new perspectives on the secularisation of British society during the 20th century, and the effectiveness of the Church in countering it. The subtleties of Henson's individualism and Unionism will enhance understanding of Conservative political thought. The journals will bring new insights on the modern relationship between clergyman and parish, dean and chapter, bishop and diocese, and changing styles of preaching. They also contain a wealth of biblical and literary discussion of value to literary historians. The edition will prove of enduring importance.