METABOLIC ADAPTATION TO WEIGHT LOSS AND REGAIN

该提案描述了一系列动物和人类研究， 评估体重减轻和恢复对代谢的影响。 这些将是 在重量自行车项目中完成，这是一个合作项目， 来自多个机构和学科的研究人员。 主要目的 是为了确定动物和人类是否能适应反复的死亡循环 并通过提高能源效率重新获得（“溜溜球综合症”）。 等 一个效果将使减肥越来越困难， 因为热量摄入会更多地转化为体重 有效地 第一步将是进一步制定和完善一个 体重循环的动物模型，并评估代谢相关的一个 循环效应 代谢指标包括脂蛋白脂肪酶 活性，脂肪组织形态，棕色脂肪活性，脂肪分布， 身体成分代谢率胰岛素和甲状腺功能 研究 将使用动物的饮食性肥胖和遗传性肥胖来完成， 检查性别差异，怀孕，骑自行车对正常体重的影响 动物，以及损失性质、频率和严重程度的变化 并重新获得周期。 人类研究将评估体重减轻，能量 效率和代谢变量在肥胖的人谁失去和恢复 很多次 与摔跤手和足球运动员的研究将是 做了评估的影响，反复发作的损失和恢复，在高度 体重正常的人。 人类和动物研究将 为对方提供假设。 A内部的积极合作 多学科科学家小组应提供关于 体重调节的基本过程。 最终目的是应用 研究结果对管理和预防肥胖的研究。

The proposal describes a series of studies with animals and humans to evaluate the metabolic effects of weight loss and regain. These will be done within the Weight Cycling Project, a collaborative project involving investigators from several institutions and disciplines. The primary aim is to determine whether animals and humans adapt to repeated cycles of loss and regain (the "yo-yo syndrome") with increased energy efficiency. Such an effect would make weight loss increasingly difficult with successive cycles because caloric intake would be converted to body weight more efficiently. The first step will be to further develop and refine an animal model of weight cycling and to evaluate metabolic correlates of a cycling effect. Metabolic measures will include lipoprotein lipase activity, adipose tissue morphology, brown fat activity, fat distribution, body composition, metabolic rate, insulin, and thyroid function. Studies will be done using dietary obesity and genetic obesity in animals, and will examine sex differences, pregnancy, the effect of cycling on normal weight animals, and alterations in the nature, frequency, and severity of the loss and regain cycles. Human studies will evaluate weight loss, energy efficiency, and metabolic variables in obese persons who lose and regain on multiple occasions. Studies with wrestlers and football players will be done to evaluate the effects of repeated bouts of loss and regain in highly trained individuals of normal weight. The human and animal studies will provide hypotheses for each other. The active collaboration within a multidisciplinary group of scientists should produce information on the basic processes of body weight regulation. The ultimate aim is to apply the findings to studies on the management and prevention of obesity.