Higher Education Pedagogies for Peacebuilding: Developing Hubs in The Balkans, Latin America and The Horn of Africa

高等教育在冲突中的作用是一个研究不足的领域，它在解决冲突遗留问题和促进冲突恢复方面的潜力也是一个研究不足的领域。虽然世界各地都有一些良好的做法，但没有系统地探索大学教学、研究或参与如何对冲突与建设和平的各个方面产生积极影响。这一网络赠款将开始解决这一差距，特别关注艺术和人文学科，并在不同受冲突影响的国家之间分享高等教育教学中的创新和创造力领域。它将采用行动研究方法，直接与学生一起收集庆祝共同文化记忆的图像，文本和音乐，并研究这些图像可以使用的统一和分裂方式。通过与当地民间社会组织建立伙伴关系，高等教育机构将鼓励学生直接参与社区面临的问题，解决不平等、种族和差异问题，并探索体验式学习在个人和社会发展中的价值。该项目将与哥伦比亚波哥大洛斯安第斯大学的研究人员密切合作；波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那的萨拉热窝大学和卢旺达基加利的卢旺达大学，每一所大学都已经参与了各自地区内的建设和平倡议。该小组将在三个以区域为基础的为期5天的研讨会上举行会议，重点是分享和发展在其本国机构已经使用的方法。他们将一起研究将这些应用于其他领域的可能性，并将创建的图像和文本构建为模块大纲和教学资源库。他们将相互支持，与每个地区的社区成员建立联系，形成以当地为基础的伙伴关系，致力于解决不平等、歧视和公民身份等问题，这些问题是每个地区冲突的一些驱动因素。通过密集但实际的讨论，团队将对大学在冲突与和平建设中可能发挥的作用形成理论理解。三个讲习班中的每一个都将包括一个为期一天的研讨会，供该机构的其他成员确定这些材料和方法如何与其他学科领域相关，并鼓励高级管理层认真对待他们的本地参与战略。此外，在研讨会之间安排的在线讨论和网络研讨会将与该地区的其他同事分享发展情况，在现有网络的基础上，在巴尔干半岛（波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那）、拉丁美洲（哥伦比亚）和非洲之角（卢旺达）形成一系列区域中心。该项目将建立一个由在该领域工作的学者和民间社会利益相关者组成的关键参考小组，他们将参与这些在线讨论，并对项目期间开发的材料和方法进行评论。这也将使我们能够在三个参与机构之外共享资源。它将利用波斯尼亚研讨会的机会与“为什么要记住”节（www.warmfoundation.org）联系起来；这是一个由艺术家、摄影师和记者组成的国际网络，致力于以卓越和完整的方式记录暴力历史。这将提供机会向更广泛的观众介绍历史、暴力和记忆领域，并进一步将其确立为一个可行的研究领域，并进一步为该领域的未来研究制定议程。学生们记录不同地区的文物和事件的图像和短片将被剪辑成短片，在2019年的电影节上放映。该项目还将探讨2020年将该节日移至卢旺达的机会，这将为项目成果的传播提供进一步的机会。

The role of higher education in conflict is an under-researched field, as is its potential to address the legacies of conflict and contribute to conflict recovery. While there are pockets of good practice in different parts of the world there has been no systematic exploration of ways in which university teaching, research or engagement can positively impact on aspects of conflict and peacebuilding. This networking grant will begin to address this gap by focusing particularly on the arts and humanities and sharing areas of innovation and creativity in higher education teaching between different conflict affected countries. It will employ an action research approach, working directly with students to collect images, texts and music that celebrate shared cultural memory, and examine the unifying and divisive way in which such images can be deployed. By building partnerships with local civil society organisations, higher education institutions will encourage direct student involvement in community facing issues, addressing questions of inequality, ethnicity and difference and exploring the value of experiential learning in personal and social development. The project will work closely with researchers from Los Andes University in Bogota, Columbia; Sarajevo University in Bosnia and Herzegovina and The University of Rwanda in Kigali, Rwanda, each of whom are already involved in peace building initiatives within their own areas. The team will meet in three regionally based 5 day workshops and focus on sharing and developing approaches already used in their home institutions. Together they will look at possibilities for adapting these for use in other areas and build the images and texts created into a bank of module outlines and teaching resources. They will support each other to connect with community members in each location to form locally based partnerships working on issues of inequality, discrimination and citizenship, some of the drivers of conflict in each region. Through intensive but practice facing discussions the team will develop a theoretical understanding of the role a university might play in conflict and peacebuilding. Each of the three workshops will include a one day seminar for other members of the institution to identify how these materials and approaches might be relevant to other discipline areas and encourage senior management to take seriously their strategies for local engagement. In addition, online discussions and webinars scheduled between the workshops will share developments with other colleagues in the region, building on existing networks to form a series of regional hubs, in the Balkans (Bosnia and Herzegovina), Latin America (Columbia) and The Horn of Africa (Rwanda). The project will establish a critical reference group formed from academics and civil society stakeholders working in this field who will contribute to these online discussions and critique materials and approaches developed during this project. It will also enable us to share resources beyond the three participating institutions. It will use the opportunity of the Bosnia workshop to connect with the Why Remember Festival, (ww.warmfoundation.org); an international network of artists, photographers and journalists committed to recording histories of violence with excellence and integrity This will provide the opportunity to present to a wider audience in the field of history, violence and memory and further establish this as a viable research field and further set the agenda for future research in this area. Images and short clips taken by students recording artefacts and incidents from the different areas will be edited into a short film to be shown at the 2019 festival. The project will also explore opportunities for moving the festival to Rwanda in 2020 which will provide further opportunities for dissemination of project outputs.