Peacekeepers As Soldiers And Humanitarians: The Impact Of Contradictory Roles And Responsibilities On The Protection Mandate Of Peacekeepers

该项目对目前非洲最大的两个和平行动--联合国驻刚果(金)维和特派团(联刚稳定团)和非盟驻索马里维和特派团(非索特派团)进行研究。这两个任务都有复杂的任务，并结合了军事(战斗)、政治(稳定/国家建设)和人道主义目标。保护平民成为这两项任务的基石。军事维和人员经常被要求跨越战斗和太平洋责任，结合军事、外交和人道主义作用。他们打击往往不容易与平民区分的暴力行为者，巡逻道路和运送人道主义物资，同时还被要求与受暴力影响的社区发展关系，调解冲突，并往往还提供人道主义物资。该项目探讨了联合国和非盟在刚果民主共和国和索马里的维和人员如何从保护提供者和保护接受者的角度履行其保护任务：军事维和人员(提供者)、平民(接受者)和人道主义工作者(最好是维和人员的合作伙伴)。它将就军事维和人员如何驾驭其日益复杂的角色、在战斗和和平责任之间进行权衡以及如何在受援方体验他们的保护努力提供深入和不同的说明。这方面的知识对于改进保护工作至关重要。这项研究的结果将在圆桌会议上与所有三个演员组分享。圆桌会议的目的是收到研究的反馈。更重要的是，它们还旨在提供一个交流平台，并促进军事维和人员、民间人道主义行为者和平民之间的对话。圆桌会议将由参与研究项目的当地民间社会组织组织，预计他们将在研究结束后保持沟通联系。调查结果，即保护提供者和接受者的经验，将纳入维持和平培训单元。该单元将与设在内罗毕的国际和平支助培训中心(和平支助中心)合作开发。培训将在与非盟和联合国教官以及部队派遣国军事总部和军事教官代表举办的讲习班期间试行。对学员的评价将有助于对培训进行微调，并为培训手册定稿，该手册将向公众提供，并与部队派遣国的维持和平培训中心和军事总部共享。

The project conducts research on the currently two largest African peace operation, the UN peacekeeping mission in the DRC (MONUSCO) and the AU peacekeeping mission in Somalia (AMISOM). Both missions have complex mandates and combine military (combat), political (stabilisation/statebuilding) and humanitarian goals. The protection of civilians became a cornerstone of both missions. Military peacekeepers are often required to straddle combat and pacific responsibilities, combining military, diplomatic and humanitarian roles. They fight violent actors who are often not easily distinguishable from civilians, patrol roads and convoy humanitarian deliveries, while they are simultaneously requested to develop relations with communities affected by violence, to mediate conflicts and often also to provide humanitarian goods. The project explores how UN and AU peacekeepers in the DRC and in Somalia fulfil their protection mandate from the perspective of protection providers and protection recipients: military peacekeepers (provider), civilians (recipients) and humanitarian worker (recipients and ideally partners of peacekeepers). It will provide an in-depth and differentiated account on how military peacekeepers navigate their increasingly complex roles, swap between combat and pacific responsibilities and how their protection efforts are experienced at the recipients' end. This knowledge is crucial in improving protection efforts. The findings of the research will be shared in round tables with all three actor groups. The round tables aim at receiving feed-back on the research. More importantly, they also aim at providing a platform for communication and at stimulating dialogue between military peacekeepers, civil humanitarian actors and civilians. Round tables will be organised by local civil society organisations who partner in the research project, and it is expected that they will uphold communication links even after the research ended. The findings, i.e. the experiences of the providers and recipients of protection, will feed into a peacekeeping training module. The module will be developed in cooperation with the International Peace Support Training Centre (IPSTC) in Nairobi. The training will be piloted during a workshop with AU and UN trainers and representatives of military headquarters and military trainers of troop contributing countries. The evaluation of the participants will help to fine-tune the training and to finalize a training handbook that will be made publically available and shared with peacekeeping training centres and military headquarters of troop contributing countries.