Reading Bodies: Narrating Illness in Spanish and European Literatures and Cultures (1870s to 1960s)

该协会分析了20世纪上半叶欧洲健康状况不佳的文化叙事。该项目汇集了现代语言、健康和心理学方面的专家，将追溯19世纪70年代至20世纪60年代疾病叙事的发展及其在当今的遗产，并特别关注心理和身体状况的性别表现。研究金将有助于对文化现象的新理解，在这种文化现象中，诊断性术语被用来描述动乱和内省时期的社区。职业倦怠及其前因(阿普里亚、神经衰弱)在从医疗保健和学术界到那些签订零时合同的专业职业中都有当代的共鸣。世卫组织将职业倦怠定义为一种由长期工作场所压力引起的严格意义上的职业现象，这一术语受到了更广泛的文化概念的影响，在媒体上经常与经济上的早熟、照顾者的“双重轮班”和全天候技术联系在一起。该奖学金将批评性别、意识形态的韧性模式，这些模式将不平等的照顾责任与经济和社会健康放在特定的社会群体身上。将与埃克塞特医学院和心理学的研究人员一起撰写一卷探索职业倦怠和心理健康的创造性写作，并建立一个关于医疗小说的博客。这些成果将通过创意作家和健康支助团体的参与活动交付，以共同创建关于公共健康(职业倦怠、心理健康和更年期)的研究，从对西班牙、英国和其他欧洲国家当代作家的采访中获得灵感，讲述从孕期到中年的妇女健康状况。跨现代语言的学者、医学研究人员和有生活经验的个人的参与将使方法、技能和影响得到发展，这些方法、技能和影响源于专业和个人观点的批判性融合。文化文本在社会对疾病的理解中发挥着至关重要的作用。二十世纪初的西班牙小说(Unamuno、Azorin、Baroja)中的人物都被普遍存在的冷漠所定义，这种冷漠被认为正在折磨着这个国家。该研究金探讨了描绘广泛的心理和生理状况的文化叙事如何被解读为对社会、经济和政治环境的反应。在不确定和危机时期，将有关健康不良的叙述合法化，从而在意识形态上与对更广泛的社会经济现象的创造性反应相互作用。该项目试图理解和阐明两个截然不同的领域：第一，文学叙事所表达的疾病的生活经历；第二，隐喻的构建，通过隐喻，政治和文化文本使用科学语言来产生意识形态驱动的意义。跨国界研究文化的比较方法支持对现代语言学科的医学人文研究具有变革潜力的研究成果，通过合作奖学金和研究助理的指导支持这些领域的方法发展。首席调查者的书《无序的身体》(2017)分析了跨越国界的退化论者模型。作为这项工作的延伸，该项目汇集了现代语言(西班牙裔、法语、意大利语、德语)、历史和英语的学者网络，为研究二十世纪初和战后欧洲疾病的文化表现提供了一个比较的跨国论坛。该奖学金将促进研究人员之间的合作，为编辑过的关于现代欧洲文学文本中疾病表现的新学术文集和一本关于西班牙战后小说中疾病叙事的专著撰写学术稿件。

The Fellowship analyses cultural narratives of ill-health in Europe in the first half of the twentieth century. Drawing together specialists in Modern Languages, Health and Psychology, the project will trace the development of narratives of illness from 1870s to 1960s, and their legacy in the present day, with particular attention to the gendered representation of psychological and physical conditions. The Fellowship will contribute new understanding of the cultural phenomenon whereby diagnostic terminology is employed to describe communities during periods of upheaval and introspection. Burnout and its antecedents (aboulia, neurasthenia) have contemporary resonance across professional occupations, from health care and academia, to those on zero hours contracts. Defined by WHO as a strictly occupational phenomenon resulting from chronic workplace stress, the term burnout has been subject to much broader cultural conceptualisation, and is often associated in the press with economic precarity, the 'double shift' of carers, and 24/7 technology. The Fellowship will critique gendered, ideological models of resilience that place unequal responsibility for caring, alongside economic and social health, on particular social groups.A volume of creative writing that explores burnout and mental health, and a blog on medical fiction, will be produced with researchers in the Medical School and Psychology, Exeter. These outputs will be delivered through engagement events for creative writers and health support groups, to co-create research on public health (occupational burnout, mental health and menopause), taking inspiration from interviews with contemporary authors from Spain, Britain and other European countries on narratives of women's health, from maternity to mid-life. The engagement of scholars across Modern Languages, medical researchers and individuals with lived experience will allow methodological, skills and impact development resulting from the critical fusion of professional and personal perspectives.Cultural texts play a vital role in society's understanding of ill-health. Spanish novels of the early twentieth century (by Unamuno, Azorin, Baroja) are populated by characters defined by the ubiquitous apathy that was perceived to be afflicting the nation. The Fellowship explores the ways in which cultural narratives that depict widespread psychological and physiological conditions may be read as responses to social, economic and political circumstances. During times of uncertainty and crisis, legitimising narratives about ill-health thereby interact ideologically with creative responses to wider socio-economic phenomena. The project seeks to understand and illuminate two distinct areas: firstly, the lived experience of illness as expressed by literary narratives; and secondly the construction of metaphors by which political and cultural texts appropriate scientific language to produce ideologically-driven meaning. The comparative approach to studying cultures across national boundaries supports research outcomes that have transformative potential for Medical Humanities research in Modern Languages disciplines, supporting methodological development in these fields through collaborative scholarship and mentoring of a Research Assistant. The Principal Investigator's book, Bodies of Disorder (2017), analyses degenerationist models across national borders. Extending this work, the project gathers a network of scholars across Modern Languages (Hispanic, French, Italian, German), History and English to provide a comparative, transnational forum for the study of cultural representations of sickness across early twentieth-century and post-war Europe. The Fellowship will facilitate collaboration between researchers to shape academic contributions for an edited collection of new scholarship on representations of ill-health in modern European literary texts, and a monograph on narratives of illness in Spanish post-war fiction.