Human rights in global supply chains: Measuring the effectiveness of home state regulatory models on corporate behaviour

自2011年通过《联合国工商业与人权指导原则》（UNGPs）以来，各国正在制定各种立法，旨在将自愿的《联合国工商业与人权指导原则》转变为对全球供应链中企业人权影响具有约束力的法律义务。此类法律的主要例子是德国、法国和拟议中的欧盟企业可持续发展尽职调查指令。虽然这些法律是建立在ungp的概念之上的，但它们在范围、征收的关税类型和执行水平方面都遵循不同的模式，而且它们都是由跨国公司的所谓“母国”（全球供应链顶端的公司所在的国家）制定的。本研究将调查和比较这些母国法律模式对公司实践的影响。特别地，重点将放在八个已经或正在取得关键进展的司法管辖区：德国、法国、挪威、荷兰、瑞士、英国、欧盟，以及美国已经存在的、目前由欧盟提议的强迫劳动进口禁令。

Since the adoption of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs) in 2011, various national legislative developments are being aimed at turning the voluntary UNGPs into binding legal obligations for corporate human rights impacts within global supply chains. The leading examples of such laws are those of the Germany, France, and the proposed EU Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive. Although these laws are built on the concepts of the UNGPs, they each follow different models in terms of scope, types of duties imposed, and level of enforcement , and they are all enacted by the so-called "home states" of transnational corporations (countries where the companies at the top end of global supply chains are based). This study will investigate and compare the effect of each of these home state legal models on corporate practice. In particular, the focus will be on eight jurisdictions in which key developments have or are taking place: the Germany, France, Norway, the Netherlands, Switzerland, UK, the EU and the forced labour import bans already in existence in the US and currently proposed by the EU.