SENSATION SEEKING AND DRUG ABUSE PREVENTION

大约一半的青少年和青壮年可以归类为 作为高感觉寻求者(HSS)。在最近的研究中，我们发现 寻求快感的人使用大麻、可卡因、酒精和其他药物 以2/1至7/1以上的比例与低感相比 搜索者(LSS)。这种以生物学为基础的特征和 药物使用也得到了研究的支持，研究报告说， HSS比LSS使用药物的概率(Zuckerman，1987)。我们的 研究还表明，感觉寻求强烈影响对 预防药物滥用的信息。 它与吸毒的联系似乎表明， HSS成为吸毒者的可能性除非有很强的 社会干预。相反的情况也可能是真的：LSS不太可能 成为吸毒者，除非有强有力的社会干预， 比如通过同伴的影响。 这些发现似乎有相当大的影响 预防药物滥用的方法，但它们也提出了一些 关于如何设计最有效方法的问题。 这里提出的研究涉及多方法方法来处理一些 如果可供选择，需要回答的基本问题 应考虑采取何种方法。它涉及(1)多波 感觉寻求、同伴关系、毒品的纵向研究 领养率和青少年群体的使用率 已经资助的研究评估项目DARE(药物滥用抵抗 教育)，这是一项针对青少年的初级预防方案 在肯塔基州列克星敦的全县范围内；和(2)发展 预防药物滥用信息和方案的议定书 (A)重新分析现有数据，以完善 感觉寻求和药物使用的分量表，以及(B)焦点小组 采访青少年和年轻人，以帮助识别 可作为可接受的替代品的替代活动 吸毒。

Approximately half of all adolescents and young adults can be classified as high sensation seekers (HSS). In recent research, we have found that high sensation seekers use marijuana, cocaine, alcohol, and other drugs by ratios of 2/1 up to greater than 7/1 compared to low sensation seekers (LSS). The connection between this biologically-based trait and drug use also is supported by studies reporting significantly higher probabilities for drug use by HSS than by LSS (Zuckerman, 1987). Our research also indicates sensation seeking strongly affects responses to drug abuse prevention messages. Its connection with drug use appears to suggest there is a high probability that HSS will become drug users unless there is strong social intervention. The obverse also may be true: LSS are unlikely to become drug users unless there is strong social intervention for use, such as through peer influences. These findings would appear to have considerable implications for approaches to drug abuse prevention but they also raise a number of questions about how to design the most effective approaches. The research proposed here involves a multi-method approach to some of the fundamental questions which need to be answered if alternative approaches are to be considered. It involves (1) a multi-wave longitudinal study of sensation-seeking, peer relationships, drug adoption, and levels of use by a population of adolescents as part of an already-funded study evaluating Project DARE (Drug Abuse Resistance Education), a primary prevention program for adolescents being conducted on a county-wide basis in Lexington, Kentucky; and (2) development of protocols for drug abuse prevention messages and programs on the basis of (a) reanalysis of existing data to refine connections between subscales of sensation seeking and drug use, and (b) focus group interviews with adolescents and young adults to help identify alternative activities which would serve as acceptable substitutes for drug use.