MEASUREMENT AND PREDICTION OF AIDS RISK IN IV DRUG USERS

与艾滋病毒传播有关的行为研究包括收集 关于性行为和吸毒的高度敏感信息 作为又 关于如何最好地收集这些信息，人们知之甚少。 拟议 研究将评估提高自我报告有效性的方法， 风险IV与毒品有关的性行为。 使用2x2 x2析因设计， 200名海洛因戒毒者和200名海洛因“街头使用者”将被 随机分配到八个面试时间表之一，以测试 面试形式（封闭式与开放式问题，长与短 问题，标准与熟悉措辞的问题）最小化 低报高危行为 这些格式是在 文献基础表明，它们可能对 问题内容具有威胁性或 社会期望的反应。 我们还将评估 社会期望、问题威胁和性自我表露 影响自我报告的高风险行为。 我们将尝试验证自我- 报告共用针头与法医测试的注射器提供的四 吸毒者 我们将比较50 IV的子样本的响应 吸毒夫妇询问高风险性行为， 随机将受试者分配给男性和女性采访者，以确定 受试者与访谈者的性别互动程度。 作为自我检查- 报告使用避孕套，受试者将在研究中获得避孕套 访谈记录了避孕套的使用数量和受试者的 计划使用它们。 此外，拟议的研究将开发和 评估预测高危行为的态度和信念的措施。 这项工作的框架是减少艾滋病风险模式， 融合了健康信念模型，自我效能理论， 人际影响，焦虑等情绪，决策理论， 寻求帮助的模式。 该度量将用于估计回归 高风险行为模式，以指导静脉注射药物的预防工作 用户.

Research on behavior related to transmission of HIV involves collecting highly sensitive information about sexual activity and drug use. As yet little is known about how best to gather such information. The proposed study will assess methods for increasing validity of self-reports of high- risk IV drug-related and sexual behaviors. Using a 2x2x2 factorial design, 200 heroin detoxification clients and 200 "street users" of heroin will be randomly assigned to one of the eight interview schedules to test which interview formats (closed-ended vs. open-ended questions, long vs. short questions, questions with standard vs. familiar wording) minimize underreporting of high-risk behavior. These formats were chosen on the basis of literature suggesting that they may have substantial impact on levels of reporting where the content of questions is threatening or where socially desirable responses are expected. We will also assess the extent to which socially desirability, question threat, and sexual self-disclosure affect self-reported high-risk behavior. We will attempt to validate self- reports of needle-sharing with forensic tests of syringes furnished by IV drug-using subjects. We will compare the responses of a subsample of 50 IV drug using couples to questions about high-risk sexual practices, and randomly assign subjects to male and female interviewers to determine the extent of subject by interviewer sex interactions. As a check on self- reported condom use, subjects will be offered condoms at research interviews with records kept of the number of condoms taken and subject's plans for using them. The proposed study additionally will develop and evaluate measures of attitudes and beliefs predicting high-risk behavior. The framework for this effort is the AIDS Risk Reduction Model, which incorporates aspects of the Health Belief Model, self-efficacy theory, interpersonal influences, emotions such as anxiety, decision-making theory, and help-seeking models. The measure will be used to estimate regression models of high-risk behavior to guide preventive efforts with IV drug users.