AERODYNAMICS OF PHONATION

本研究的长期目标是：（1）开发一种 综合理论的气流在喉，将预测 压力和速度分布，并给出了估计的 声门内的空气动力;这将是有用的，不仅在 提高我们对发声的理解，同时也是一种直接的 应用计算机模拟语音产生，（2） 探讨喉组织生物力学特性的影响 关于流体动力学（边界效应）;这将进一步我们的 了解由机械应力引起的语音障碍， 在未来设计和实现人造喉中是有用的。 预计将产生一种新的计算技术 准确预测速度分布和气动力 在声门上 最终，调查的结果将是 有助于理解音高、响度和 质量控制，和自振荡特性的 声带 这项研究是实验性和理论性的。 第一阶段考虑喉部的稳定流动。 实验将 进行测量空气速度和压力在不同的 喉的有机玻璃模型和犬切除的喉。 还有， 将开发一个数值模型来求解运动方程 通过喉部气道。 第一阶段的实验数据和 喉组织的生物力学研究将用于验证 理论模型 第二阶段将考虑脉动流， 没有组织运动。 将进行实验以测量 切除喉中速度和压力的时间依赖性以及 有机玻璃模型。 理论模型将被扩展到预测 非定常速度和压力分布。

The long-range objectives of this research are: (1) to develop a comprehensive theory of airflow in the larynx that will predict the pressure and velocity distributions and give an estimate of the aerodynamic forces inside the glottis; this will be useful not only in improving our understanding of phonation, but also as a direct application to computer simulation of speech production, (2) to investigate the effects of biomechanical properties of laryngeal tissues on fluid dynamics (the boundary effects); this will further our understanding of voice disorders caused by mechanical stresses and may be useful in future design and implementation of an artificial larynx. It is expected that a newly-developed computation technique will result in an accurate prediction of the velocity profile and aerodynamic forces in the glottis. Ultimately, the results of this investigation will be useful in the understanding the mechanisms of pitch, loudness, and quality control, and of the self-oscillation characteristics of the vocal folds. The study is both experimental and theoretical in nature. The first phase considers steady flow in the larynx. Experiments will be conducted to measure the air velocity and pressure in various plexiglass models of the larynx, and in canine excised larynges. Also, a numerical model will be developed to solve the equations of motion through laryngeal airways. Experimental data of phase one and data from biomechanical studies of laryngeal tissue will be used to validate the theoretical model. Phase two will consider pulsatile flow, with and without tissue movements. Experiments will be conducted to measure the time dependence of velocity and pressure in the excised larynx and the plexiglass models. The theoretical model will be extended to predict the unsteady velocity and pressure distribution.