16AGRITECHCAT5: Integrating Control strategies Against soil-borne Rhizoctonia solani in OilSeed rape (ICAROS)

油菜（Brassica napus，OSR）种植频率的增加和土传病害的发生率最近被确定为英国OSR作物当前“产量高原”的主要威胁和促成因素。立枯丝核菌，吻合组（AG）2-1与其主要宿主OSR的存在密切相关，并且该病原体与轮作中频率增加的作物产量下降有关。由AG 2 -1引起的严重立枯病已被证明对OSR的几个根系构型性状产生显著影响。英国OSR作物中AG 2 -1和丝核菌病害的流行病学和控制以前没有进行过调查。该项目的目的是通过工作包开发新的综合性疾病控制策略，以i）鉴定可用于作物育种的抗性/耐受性性状和新的抗性位点; ii）阐明与土壤环境和宿主相关的疾病流行病学; iii）量化由于R. solani和iv）开发使用品种抗性和种子处理控制方法，以改善疾病管理和OSR产量。该项目将开发一种高通量疾病筛选方法，用于对一系列甘蓝型油菜品系（包括常规品种、杂交种、多样性集和作图群体）进行表型分析，以鉴定新的抗病基因座。索拉尼未来有效的疾病管理策略将通过多学科研究建立，包括疾病模型，计算机断层扫描和分子生物学，以确定R。solani与其宿主和环境的关系，量化产量损失并确定对丝核菌病种子处理的反应。完成时的主要产出将是综合指南，包括新的种子处理和品种抗性/耐受性，以改善疾病管理和保护OSR产量。

Increased oilseed rape (Brassica napus, OSR) cropping frequency and incidence of soil-borne diseases have been recently identified as major threats and contributory causes to the current 'yield plateau' in UK OSR crops. Rhizoctonia solani, anastomosis group (AG) 2-1 is strongly associated with the presence of its main host, OSR, and the pathogen is implicated in the yield decline of the crop grown with increased frequency in the rotation. Severe damping off disease caused by AG2-1 has been shown to significantly impact on several root system architecture traits of OSR. The epidemiology and control of AG2-1 and Rhizoctonia diseases in UK OSR crops have not previously been investigated. The aim of this project is to develop new integrative strategies for disease control through work packages designed to i) identify resistance/tolerance traits and novel resistance loci which can be utilised in crop breeding; ii) elucidate disease epidemiology in relation to soil environment and host; iii) quantify yield losses due to damping off diseases caused by R. solani and iv) develop methods for control using varietal resistance and seed treatment for improved disease management and yield of OSR. This project will develop a high-throughput disease screen for phenotyping a range of Brassica napus lines, including conventional varieties, hybrids, diversity sets and mapping populations to identify novel loci for resistance against R. solani. Future strategies for effective disease management will be established through multidisciplinary studies integrating disease modelling, computed tomography and molecular biology to determine the epidemiology of R. solani in relation to its host and the environment, quantify yield losses and determine responses to seed treatment for Rhizoctonia disease. A major output at completion will be integrated guidelines incorporating novel seed treatments and varietal resistance/tolerance for improved disease management and protection of OSR yield.