ACUTE PULMONARY EFFECTS OF ACID FOG

酸雾主要由H_2SO_4和HNO_3组成，季节性地出现在 洛杉矶和美国其他地方。以下物理化学成分 酸雾的性质已有报道：PH值低至1.7，总酸 质量超过100微克/立方米，低渗透液态水含量约为0.2 G/m~3，雾滴的质量中值直径约为15 恩。我们推测这些雾滴会刺激 呼吸系统。我们的具体目标是生成和刻画 硫酸--人体志愿者急性暴露的雾。雾将会是 在一个小体积的头顶中给药。将有两组成年人参加 研究对象：健康的非吸烟者和哮喘患者。功能端点 将包括：呼吸道反应性、最大呼气流量-容量曲线、 呼吸阻力、支气管肺沉积和清除 有放射性标记的气雾剂。神经节后神经的可能作用 酸雾反应中的刺激和肥大细胞介质释放 被研究。

Acid fog, composed chiefly of H2SO4 and HNO3, occurs on a seasonal basis in Los Angeles and elsewhere in the country. The following physicochemical properties of acid fog have been reported: pH as low as 1.7, total acid mass in excess of 100 ug/m3, hypo-osmolar liquid water content of about 0.2 g/m3, and a mass median diameter of the fog droplets on the order of 15 um. We hypothesize that these fog droplets are irritating to the respiratory system. Our specific aims are to generate and characterize H2SO4-fog for the acute exposure of human volunteers. The fog will be administered in a small-volume head dome. Two groups of adults will be studied: healthy non-smokers and asthmatics. The functional end-points will include: airway reactivity, maximal expiratory flow-volume curves, respiratory flow resistance, and bronchopulmonary deposition and clearance of a radiolabeled aerosol. The possible roles of post-ganglionic nerve stimulation and mast cell mediator release in the response to acid fog will be studied.