HUMAN RETINA: CELL BIOLOGY

已经获得了一个人体组织来源，它提供了50多对 每年死后死亡时间不到一小时。视网膜和色素 这些组织的上皮将用于细胞生物学研究。 该计划的总体目标是鉴定独特的细胞生物学 人类视网膜在空间和时间上的特征，这可能 导致视网膜损伤的一些基本过程是在 对遗传性视网膜疾病的反应，如视网膜色素变性或 黄斑变性。这项研究的具体目的是评估中心凹 与外周视网膜相比，在IRBP的合成上。比较将是 由外周视锥和中心凹视锥组成的，用于合成糖蛋白 它用半乳糖标记并被输送到锥体蒂。一个 将对中心凹和周边视网膜的能力进行评估 合成褪黑素并建立地区分布 HIOMT免疫反应性。此外，还将对棒材进行比较 周边视网膜视锥细胞和中心凹视锥细胞与外周视锥细胞对比 锥体内节段的内吞能力 这些光感受器类型使用辣根过氧化物酶、葡聚糖和 ~(125)I-IRBP作为示踪剂。来自这些供体眼睛的色素上皮将是 用来评估这一综合能力的差异 黄斑下区与周边区的上皮细胞。具体强调将 放置在光感受器间矩阵的组件上，该组件是 由色素上皮细胞合成并由其顶端分泌 浮出水面。视网膜组织也将用于继续研究 关于视网膜内神经递质的研究，重点是GABA和 乙酰胆碱。该项目使用的技术将包括器官培养， 放射性示踪剂，聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳，荧光照相， 层析、免疫细胞化学、放射自显影和电子 显微镜。

A source of human tissues has been secured which provides over 50 pairs of eyes per year with postmortem times under one hour. The retina and pigment epithelium from these tissues will be used for cell biological studies. The overall goal of this program is to identify the unique cell biological features of the human retina, both spatially and temporally which may underlie some of the basic processes which lead to lesions in the retina in response to inherited retinal diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa or macular degeneration. Specific aims of this study are to evaluate foveal versus peripheral retina in the synthesis of IRBP. Comparisons will be made of peripheral versus foveal cones in the synthesis of a glycoprotein which labels with galactose and is transported to the cone pedicle. An evaluation will be made of the ability of the fovea and peripherial retina to synthesize melatonin as well as to establish the regional distribution of HIOMT immunoreactivity. In addition, comparisons will be made of rods versus cones in the peripheral retina and foveal cones versus peripheral cones with respect to the endocytotic capabilities of the inner segments of these photoreceptor types using horseradish peroxidase, dextran and 125I-IRBP as tracers. The pigment epithelium from these donor eyes will be utilized to evaluate differences in the synthetic capabilities of this epithelium in submacular versus peripheral regions. Specific emphasis will be placed on components of the interphotoreceptor matrix which are synthesized by the pigment epithelial cells and secreted from their apical surface. Retinal tissues will also be utilized for continuation of studies on neurotransmitters in the inner retina with emphasis on GABA and acetylcholine. Techniques used in this project will include organ culture, radioactive tracers, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, fluorography, chromatography, immunocytochemistry, autoradiography and electron microscopy.