ENDOCRINOLOGY OF THE TESTIS--FETAL AND NEONATAL ASPECTS

附睾的内分泌学已经被许多人研究过 几十年来的调查。 成人的调节 垂体激素通过质膜受体作用于睾丸 睾丸间质细胞，腺苷酸环化酶的激活， 3 '，5'-环腺苷酸（cAMP）， 类固醇合成受到了广泛关注。 此外，类固醇生成 雄激素产生的途径已经被彻底探索。 而 一些研究已经探讨了这些方面的内分泌学， 胎儿和新生儿睾丸，Leydig细胞调节参数， 其次，垂体功能，因为它涉及到Leydig细胞是 不像成年人那么容易理解。 为了更好 了解胎儿和新生大鼠睾丸的内分泌学以及如何 这些器官彼此不同，成年大鼠睾丸， 已经设计了实验计划，其将：1）定量催乳素， 胚胎和新生大鼠发育过程中FSH受体含量的变化 睾丸; 2）确定是否Leydig细胞LH和催乳素受体， 胎儿和/或新生大鼠睾丸经受同源或异源的 调节，如通过体内和体外在成人中观察到的 培养系统技术; 3）定量测定游离LH的百分比 受体在胎儿和新生大鼠睾丸，并评估敏感性 4）评估LH对这些器官的刺激; 与其受体结合、cAMP产生、睾酮和5 α减少 胎儿和新生大鼠睾丸中的雄激素合成; 5）测定 胎儿垂体对GnRH刺激的反应性; 6） 通过体内试验确定胎儿垂体是否调节LH受体 LH和催乳素分泌的调节。 通过评估这些功能， 胎鼠和新生大鼠睾丸，并与同 参数在成人睾丸，我们将能够更好地了解 男性生殖内分泌学的整体连续性以及 有助于男性获得生殖成熟。

The endocrinology of the adjult testis has been studied by many investigators over a period of several decades. Regulation of the adult testis by pituitary hormones acting through plasma membrane receptors on the Leydig cell, activation of adenyl cyclase with the resultant production of 3', 5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), and ultimate steroidogenesis has received much attention. In addition, steroidogenic pathways for androgen production have been exhaustively explored. While some studies have inquired into these aspects of the endocrinology of the fetal and neonatal testis, the parameters of Leydig cell regulation and secondarily, pituitary gland function as it relates to the Leydig cell are not nearly as well understood as in the adult. In order to better understand the endocrinology of the fetal and neonatal rat testis and how these organs differ from each other and the adult rat testis, an experimental plan has been devised which will: 1) Quantify prolactin and FSH receptor content during development in the fetal and neonatal rat testis; 2) Determine if the Leydig cell receptors for LH and prolactin in fetal and/or neonatal rat testes are subject to homologous or heterologous regulation, as has been observed in the adult by both in vivo and in vitro culture system techniques; 3) Quantify the percentage of spare LH receptors in the fetal and neonatal rat testis and assess the sensitivity of these organs to stimulation byLH; 4) Assess the coupling of the LH binding to its receptor, cAMP generation, testosterone and 5Alpha-reduced androgen synthesis in the fetal and neonatal rat testis; 5) Determine the responsivity of the fetal pituitary gland to stimulaion by GnRH; 6) Determine if the fetal pituitary gland regulates LH receptors by in vivo regulation of LH and prolactin secretion. By assessing these functions in the fetal and neonatal rat testis and comparing them with the same parameters in the adult testis, we will be able to better understand the overall continuum of male reproductive endocrinology and the events which contribute to attaining reporductive maturity in the male.