PARENTING IN DUAL-EARNER FAMILIES

人们对家庭关系和日常活动知之甚少 在双职工家庭中。这份提案审查了父母的工作 参与度(他们的工作量和全神贯注程度 这项工作)以及他们与学龄儿童的关系 和女儿(包括监测和联合活动)。 此外，父母生活的这些方面也在 与子女日常活动的关系(有无 父母)，孩子的家庭关系的质量， 和孩子们的个人幸福。因为孩子们的 暑假可能会对英国的就业父母构成挑战 在监管方面，这项研究比较了双职工 父母(以及一小部分单薪家庭的控制组) 处理期间的监督和亲子活动 学年与暑期的对比。我们感兴趣的是如何 父母协商工作的相互竞争的要求，并 儿童养育以及不同策略对儿童的影响 孩子。 样本包括150个双亲家庭，其中100个是 双职工，其中50个家庭的父亲是唯一挣钱的人 和一位家庭主妇的母亲。在每个家庭中，年龄最大的孩子都会 最初是在五年级，并作为目标儿童， 而且至少会有一个弟弟妹妹。每个家庭 将接受四次采访：冬天的目标 孩子五年级，五到六岁之间的夏天 年级，六年级的冬天，以及以下几年 夏天。数据收集的每个阶段涉及两种类型的 采访：母亲、父亲和目标的家庭采访 孩子单独报告父母的工作情况，孩子 照料安排和儿童福祉(定义为 自尊，社交能力，以及 儿童表现出内化和外化症状)；以及 每个阶段7次电话采访系列，其中儿童 报告他们在那一天的活动和家长报告 关于他们与孩子的活动和他们的知识 关于孩子在他们不在的情况下的活动(来衡量 监督。) 这项研究将提供有关双职工父母如何 安排日常活动--在不同水平的条件下 对工作场所的承诺，以及这些因素的影响 为学龄儿童的福祉作出安排。 我们还将探索类似的家庭模式是否运作 在只有一个工薪阶层的家庭中也有类似的影响 父亲和家庭主妇的母亲。这项研究将有助于 这些过程如何随着时间的推移而变化，具体取决于 这一季。

Little is known about family relationships and daily activities in dual-earner families. This proposal examines parents' work involvement (how much they work and how absorbed they are in that work) and their involvement with their school-aged sons and daughters (including monitoring and conjoint activities). In addition, these aspects of parents' lives are examined in relation to their children's daily activities (with and without parents), the quality of the children's family relationships, and the children's personal well-being. Because children's summer vacation may pose a challenge to employed parents in terms of supervision, this study compares how dual-earner parents (and a small control group of single-earner families) handle supervision and parent-child activities during the school year versus the summer. We are interested in how parents negotiate the competing demands of work and child-rearing and in the impact of different strategies on the child. The sample includes 150 two-parent families, 100 of which are dual-earner and 50 of which have a father as sole wage-earner and a homemaker mother. In each family, the oldest child will initially be in the fifth grade and serve as the target child, and there will be at least one younger sibling. Each family will be interviewed four times: the winter of the target child's fifth grade year, the summer between fifth and sixth grade, the winter of the sixth grade year, and the following summer. Each phase of data collection involves two kinds of interviews: home interviews in which mother, father and target child report separately about parental work situations, child care arrangements, and the child's well-being (defined as self-esteem, social competence, and the extent to which the child displays internalizing and externalizing symptoms); and a series of 7 telephone interviews per phase in which children report on their activities during that day and parents report both on their activities with the child and their knowledge about the child's activities in their absence (to measure supervision.) The study will provide information on how dual-earner parents structure daily activities--under conditions of varying levels of commitment to the workplace, and the implications of these arrangements for the well-being of school-aged boys and girls. We will also explore whether similar family patterns operate and have similar effects in families with a single wage-earner father and a homemaker mother. The study will shed light on how these processes change over time and vary depending upon the season.