PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS AND IMMUNE RESPONSIVENESS

拟议的研究将评估心理障碍对 体液免疫和细胞免疫的几个方面。 基于先前 研究显示灵长类婴儿和少年的免疫反应发生了变化， 我们建议对巨噬细胞功能进行详细的表征， 年轻的松鼠猴在两种不同类型的分离后， 母亲 将使用以下方法检查巨噬细胞的表型：（1） 表面形态和非特异性酯酶染色，和（2） 利用单克隆抗体定向的免疫化学技术 对抗巨噬细胞表面蛋白。 的功能能力 将通过以下方法比较来自对照和应激受试者的巨噬细胞： 测量（1）吞噬作用和细胞内杀伤，（2）抗体 依赖性细胞炎事件;（3）T淋巴细胞的支持和调节 功能协调发展的 第二个系列的研究将比较急性 心理障碍对幼年猴T细胞亚群的影响 松鼠猴和恒河猴。 比较是基于 先前的证据表明， 免疫反应，并将评估时间因素的影响， 活动模式，以及提供社交伙伴的效果。 垂体-肾上腺轴的药理学操作也将是 用于评估皮质醇在介导 T淋巴细胞的循环水平。 第三个研究领域是 关注怀孕期间的心理障碍对 婴儿免疫的个体发生 女性社会地位的影响 怀孕期间的搬迁将通过监测差异来评估 将IgG传染给新生儿。 IgG水平将在 婴儿发育的前3个月，以及婴儿的能力 将确定对抗原攻击的抗体应答。 的 我们将使用的抗原是噬菌体（OX 174）和破伤风类毒素（TT） 评估妊娠期间心理内分泌活动的重要性， 导致母体抗体传播的改变。 我们 已经确定了抗原和检测方法的功效， 之前对非人类灵长类动物的研究

The proposed studies will assess the effect of psychological disturbance on several aspects of humoral and cellular immunity. Based on previous research showing altered immune responses in infant and juvenile primates, we propose to conduct a detailed characterization of macrophage function in young squirrel monkeys following two different types of separation from the mother. Phenotypic aspects of macrophages will be examined using: (1) surface morphology and nonspecific esterase staining, and (2) immunochemical techniques that utilize monoclonal antibodies directed against macrophage surface proteins. Functional capabilities of macrophages from control and stressed subjects will be compared by measuring (1) phagocytosis and intracellular killing, (2) antibody dependent cytolitic events, and (3) support and regulation of T lymphocyte functions. A second series of studies will compare the effect of acute psychological disturbance on T cell subsets in juvenile monkeys of two species, the squirrel monkey and rhesus macaque. The comparison is based on prior demonstrations of significant species differences in endocrine and immune responses, and will evaluate the influence of temporal factors, activity patterns, and the effect of providing social companions. Pharmacological manipulation of the pituitary-adrenal axis will also be employed to evaluate the role of cortisol in mediating the shifts in circulating levels of T lymphocytes. The third area of research is concerned with the impact of psychological disturbance during pregnancy on the ontogeny of infant immunity. The influence of female social status and relocation during pregnancy will be assessed by monitoring the differential transmission of IgG to newborn infants. IgG levels will be examined during the first 3 months of infant development, and the capacity of the infants to mount an antibody response to antigen challenge will be determined. The antigens we will use are the bacteriophage (OX174) and tetanus toxoid (TT) to assess the significance of psychoendocrine activity during pregnancy and the resulting alterations in the transmission of maternal antibody. We have already established the efficacy of both antigens and assay methods in previous research on nonhuman primates.