Advanced Technologies for Mitigation of Human-Induced Vibration

随着工程师们努力设计更高效的结构，降低经济成本，减少碳足迹，增加使用灵活性，土木工程结构变得更加细长和轻量化是必然的趋势。不幸的是，由于它们的质量和刚度降低，这些结构本身就很有活力，因此迫切需要先进的技术，能够确保人们在行走、奔跑和跳跃时具有令人满意的振动性能。有两个关键问题需要解决：(1)需要技术来处理现有的振动问题，这些问题在地板、人行桥、体育场馆和楼梯等结构中越来越普遍地被观察到。目前可用的技术不足以解决大多数这些问题，这意味着必须采用广泛和低技术的结构修改方案，这些方案既昂贵又具有极大的破坏性。(2)如果结构工程师想要实现越来越细长和高效的结构的雄心，在开发新结构时，将有必要采用先进的振动控制方法进行设计。这是因为许多现代结构的设计已经达到了振动可接受的极限。不幸的是，这种变革性的设计方法所需的新技术还没有出现。在过去的五年里，申请人和他的团队对地板结构的振动主动控制进行了令人兴奋的研究，其中实现了使用其他地板控制技术无法实现的大幅减振。他们还证明，使用这项技术可以节省大量材料，这有可能显著减少新建筑的碳足迹。这是这次联谊会和未来的主要愿景，先进和智能的振动控制策略将在承受人类动态荷载的结构中变得司空见惯。然而，一个人步行就能解决地板振动的解决方案，并不一定适用于一个有数千人在摇滚音乐会上跳跃的体育场。因此，需要的是一套完整的控制技术，从这些技术中可以为任何特定的振动问题选择和实施最合适的解决方案。在主动降噪耳机和半主动车辆悬挂系统的今天，是时候让这些先进技术在土木工程中找到自己的位置，解决人类诱导振动的独特问题。因此，在这项研究中，将开发一个全面的技术框架，以便为特定的应用选择最合适的技术。这将是世界上第一次采用这样的整体方法来缓解人类诱发的振动。将对一系列这些技术进行基础研究，包括主动、半主动和混合振动控制技术，以通过分析模型、实验室测试和实地实施来证明其在土木工程部门的可行性。最后，计划开展广泛的行业联络和公众宣传活动，以确保这些技术的采用，这是这项研究将使英国公司受益的关键方式。

There is an inexorable trend for civil engineering structures to become more slender and lightweight, as engineers strive to design more efficient structures with reduced economic cost, reduced carbon footprint and increased flexibility of usage. Unfortunately, due to their reduced mass and stiffness these structures are inherently lively and there is a desperate need for advanced technologies that are capable of ensuring satisfactory vibration performance when people walk, run and jump on them. There are two key issues to address:(1) Technologies are required to deal with existing vibration problems, which are increasingly and widely observed in structures such as floors, footbridges, sports stadia and staircases. Currently available technologies are insufficient to deal with the majority of these problems, which means that extensive and low-tech structural modification schemes have to be employed that are both expensive and highly disruptive.(2) If the ambitions of structural engineers for ever more slender and efficient structures are to be realised, it will be necessary to 'design in' advanced methods of vibration control when developing new structures. This is because many contemporary structures are already being designed at their limits of vibration acceptability. Unfortunately, the new technologies required for this transformative design approach are not yet available.In the last five years, the applicant and his team have carried out exciting research into active control of vibration in floor structures, in which large reductions in vibration have been achieved that are not possible using other floor control technologies. They have also demonstrated that significant material savings may be made using this technology, which has the potential to significantly reduce the carbon footprint of new buildings. This is the main vision for this fellowship and the future, where advanced and intelligent vibration control strategies will become commonplace in structures subject to human dynamic loading.However, a solution that works for floor vibrations from a single person walking is not necessarily going to work for a sports stadium with many thousands of people jumping during a rock concert. Hence, what is required is a required is a complete 'suite' of control technologies, from which the most appropriate solution may be chosen and implemented for any particular vibration problem. In these days of active noise cancelling headphones and semi-active vehicle suspension systems, it is time for these advanced technologies to find their place in civil structural engineering, to solve the unique problems of human-induced vibration.Hence, in this research a comprehensive framework of technologies will be developed, so that the most appropriate technologies may be selected for a particular application. This will be the first time in the world that such a holistic approach has been taken to mitigation of human-induced vibrations. Fundamental research into a range of these technologies, including active, semi-active and hybrid vibration control techniques will be carried out to prove their viability in the civil engineering sector through analytical modelling, laboratory testing and in-the-field implementation. Finally, extensive industrial liaison and public outreach activities are planned to ensure the take-up of these technologies, which is the key way in which this research will benefit UK plc.