Stable catalytic materials for emerging energy conversion technologies and greenhouse gas mitigation

用于新兴能源转换技术和温室气体减排的稳定催化材料

• 批准号: 478979-2015
• 负责人: Hayes, Robert
• 金额: $ 14.1万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Strategic Projects - Group
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=641878
• 关键词: Stable; catalytic; materials; emerging; energy

More than 95% by volume of all products are synthesized by means of catalysis, and as we are entering a world transitioning to alternative energy resources, the key to sustainable development will be to enable such transformations. Catalysts dramatically reduce energy requirements by enabling processes on practical time scales (seconds versus hundreds of years) and they allow target productions with significantly reduced waste generation. Ideally, a catalyst lifetime in a production line should be infinite, but catalysts suffer from deactivation and require frequent replacements. Many of them contain expensive noble metals, and the deactivation compromises economic benefits and increases energy consumption. Our project combines efforts from chemists, materials and chemical engineers to develop a universal strategy for stable catalyst development for real-world applications. With this strategy we will be able to maintain fresh-like properties of active components in catalysts for prolonged periods of time, which translates into an order of magnitude improvement in the production efficiency in terms of reaction rates and decreased energy input. The strategy to be developed is intended to be universal for a wide range of existing and emerging processes, but in the short term we will address i) the emerging technology for CO2 valorization without preliminary costly separation for the ultimate production of ultra-clean alternative fuels and value-added products, and ii) currently economically challenged exhaust treatment system in natural gas vehicles. Both technologies will lead to significant greenhouse gases emission reduction and enable the transition to alternative fuels, such as biogas or waste-derived advanced biofuels.

所有产品数量的95％以上是通过催化综合的，当我们进入世界过渡到替代能源资源时，可持续发展的关键将是实现这种转变。催化剂通过在实际时间尺度上（秒对数百年）启用过程来大大减少能量需求，并允许目标生产显着减少废物的产生。理想情况下，生产线中的催化剂寿命应是无限的，但是催化剂会失活并经常替换。其中许多含有昂贵的高贵金属，而停用的金属损害了经济利益并增加了能源消耗。我们的项目结合了化学家，材料和化学工程师的努力，以制定一种通用策略，用于用于现实世界应用的稳定催化剂开发。通过这种策略，我们将能够长时间维持催化剂中活性成分的新鲜性特性，从而在反应速率和降低能量输入方面转化为生产效率的数量级提高。为了广泛的现有过程和新兴过程，要开发的策略是普遍的，但是在短期内，我们将解决i）二氧化碳价值的新兴技术，而无需初步的代价分离，即可以最终生产超净值替代燃料和增值产品的最终产生，以及ii）当前经济挑战的天然气体汽油汽车中经济挑战的排气系统。这两种技术都将导致大量的温室气体排放量减少，并使替代燃料（例如沼气或废物衍生的晚期生物燃料）的过渡。