Advanced Technologies for Mitigation of Human-Induced Vibration

随着工程师们努力设计更高效的结构，降低经济成本，减少碳足迹，增加使用灵活性，土木工程结构变得更加细长和轻量化是一个不可阻挡的趋势。不幸的是，由于它们的质量和刚度降低，这些结构本身就很活泼，迫切需要先进的技术来确保当人们在它们上面行走、奔跑和跳跃时，它们具有令人满意的振动性能。有两个关键问题需要解决：(1)需要技术来处理现有的振动问题，这些问题越来越多地出现在地板、人行天桥、体育场馆和楼梯等结构中。目前现有的技术不足以处理这些问题中的大多数，这意味着必须采用广泛和低技术含量的结构改造方案，这些方案既昂贵又极具破坏性。(2)如果结构工程师想要实现更细长、更高效结构的雄心壮志，那么在开发新结构时，就有必要“设计”先进的振动控制方法。这是因为许多当代结构的设计已经达到了振动可接受的极限。不幸的是，这种变革性设计方法所需的新技术还没有出现。在过去的五年中，申请人和他的团队在楼板结构振动主动控制方面进行了令人兴奋的研究，其中大幅度降低了振动，这是使用其他楼板控制技术无法实现的。他们还证明，使用这项技术可以节省大量材料，这有可能大大减少新建筑的碳足迹。这是本研究的主要愿景，未来，先进和智能的振动控制策略将在受人类动态载荷影响的结构中变得普遍。然而，对于一个人走路引起的地板振动有效的解决方案，并不一定适用于一个有成千上万人在摇滚音乐会期间跳跃的体育场。因此，需要的是一个完整的“套件”控制技术，从中可以选择最合适的解决方案，并实施任何特定的振动问题。在主动降噪耳机和半主动车辆悬架系统出现的今天，这些先进技术是时候在土木结构工程中找到自己的位置了，以解决人为振动的独特问题。因此，在这项研究中，将开发一个全面的技术框架，以便为特定应用选择最合适的技术。这将是世界上第一次采用如此全面的方法来减轻人为引起的振动。对这些技术的基础研究，包括主动、半主动和混合振动控制技术，将通过分析建模、实验室测试和现场实施来证明它们在土木工程领域的可行性。最后，计划广泛的工业联络和公众宣传活动，以确保这些技术的采用，这是这项研究将使英国plc受益的关键方式。

There is an inexorable trend for civil engineering structures to become more slender and lightweight, as engineers strive to design more efficient structures with reduced economic cost, reduced carbon footprint and increased flexibility of usage. Unfortunately, due to their reduced mass and stiffness these structures are inherently lively and there is a desperate need for advanced technologies that are capable of ensuring satisfactory vibration performance when people walk, run and jump on them. There are two key issues to address:(1) Technologies are required to deal with existing vibration problems, which are increasingly and widely observed in structures such as floors, footbridges, sports stadia and staircases. Currently available technologies are insufficient to deal with the majority of these problems, which means that extensive and low-tech structural modification schemes have to be employed that are both expensive and highly disruptive.(2) If the ambitions of structural engineers for ever more slender and efficient structures are to be realised, it will be necessary to 'design in' advanced methods of vibration control when developing new structures. This is because many contemporary structures are already being designed at their limits of vibration acceptability. Unfortunately, the new technologies required for this transformative design approach are not yet available.In the last five years, the applicant and his team have carried out exciting research into active control of vibration in floor structures, in which large reductions in vibration have been achieved that are not possible using other floor control technologies. They have also demonstrated that significant material savings may be made using this technology, which has the potential to significantly reduce the carbon footprint of new buildings. This is the main vision for this fellowship and the future, where advanced and intelligent vibration control strategies will become commonplace in structures subject to human dynamic loading.However, a solution that works for floor vibrations from a single person walking is not necessarily going to work for a sports stadium with many thousands of people jumping during a rock concert. Hence, what is required is a required is a complete 'suite' of control technologies, from which the most appropriate solution may be chosen and implemented for any particular vibration problem. In these days of active noise cancelling headphones and semi-active vehicle suspension systems, it is time for these advanced technologies to find their place in civil structural engineering, to solve the unique problems of human-induced vibration.Hence, in this research a comprehensive framework of technologies will be developed, so that the most appropriate technologies may be selected for a particular application. This will be the first time in the world that such a holistic approach has been taken to mitigation of human-induced vibrations. Fundamental research into a range of these technologies, including active, semi-active and hybrid vibration control techniques will be carried out to prove their viability in the civil engineering sector through analytical modelling, laboratory testing and in-the-field implementation. Finally, extensive industrial liaison and public outreach activities are planned to ensure the take-up of these technologies, which is the key way in which this research will benefit UK plc.