CHILDHOOD TV VIOLENCE VIEWING AND ADULT AGGRESSION

我们建议测试广泛的儿童早期阶段 暴露在媒体暴力中会促进人们接受攻击的态度， 青少年攻击性行为、反社会行为和犯罪行为 成年人。与最近对社会学习的认知阐述一致 理论上，我们的假设是被试的行为和认知 幼儿时期受媒体暴力影响最大的是威尔 证据表明，这对成年初期的影响最大。 具体来说，我们计划进行四项平行的跟进研究，包括 20岁出头的受试者S最初接受了测试和采访 由这些调查人员在14到15年前孩子们在 一年级或三年级。这四个样本具有代表性。 四个不同国家(芬兰、波兰、以色列)的城市人口 和美国)，允许更广泛地推广结果 在整个社会制度中。其中一项研究将是对748芝加哥地区的后续研究 最初在1976-77年间研究的儿童(Huesmann，Lagerspetz 和Eron，1984)。本样本中的一组电视暴力程度高的观众 接受了一种治疗，成功地降低了他们的攻击性 在最初的研究中(Huesmann，Eron，Klein，Bruce和Fischer， 1983年)。将特别努力定位和测试这一点 子群。第二项研究将对221名芬兰儿童进行跟踪调查 最初测试于1978年；第三项研究将对237人进行后续研究 波兰儿童最初于1979年接受研究；第四项研究将是 对186名以色列儿童(一半在城市长大，一半在基布兹长大)的跟踪调查 这些人最初是在1981年接受采访的。这些研究的结果 一些文章和一份 书(Huesmann和Eron，1986)。 基于这些后续研究将提供的纵向数据 提供，1)我们希望能够更清楚地确定 儿童时期对媒体暴力的习惯性接触持续了哪些时间 对认知和行为的影响，2)确定什么家庭或 儿童的特征可能会加剧或缓解这种纵向 影响，以及3)确定这些影响的程度 概括以四个国家为代表的四种文化 学习。此外，在美国，我们预计能够 评估干预措施达到最高水平的程度 1978年和1979年的暴力事件观众产生了任何持久的影响。

We propose to test the extent to which extensive early-childhood exposure to media violence promotes attitudes accepting of aggression, aggressive behavior, antisocial behavior, and criminality in young adults. In accord with recent cognitive elaborations of social learning theory, our hypothesis is that subjects whose behaviors and cognitions in early childhood are most affected by exposure to media violence weill evidence the greatest influence in early adulthood. Specifically, we plan to carry out four parallel follow-up studies of subjects in their early 20's who were originally tested and interviewed by these investigators 14 to 15 years earlier whent the children were in the 1st or 3rd grade. The four samples of children are representative of urban populations in four different coutries (Finland, Poland, Israel and the United States) allowing for greater generalization of results across social systems. One studywill be a follow-up of 748 Chicago area children who were originally studied in 1976-77 (Huesmann, Lagerspetz and Eron, 1984). A sub-group of high TV-violence viewers in this sample had received a treatment which successfully reduced their aggressiveness during the original study (Huesmann, Eron, Klein, Bruce and Fischer, 1983). Particular effort will be directed at locating and testing this subgroup. The second study will be a follow-up of 221 Finnish children originally tested in 1978; the third study will be a follow-up of 237 Polish children originally studied in 1979; and the fourth study will be a follow-up of 186 Israeli children (half city raised, half Kibbutz raised) who were originally interviewed in 1981. The results of these initial investigations have been reported in a number of articles and a book (Huesmann and Eron, 1986). On the basis of the longitudinal data that these follow-up studies will provide, 1) We expect to be able to identify more clearly the extent to which habitual early childhood exposure to media violence has lasting effects on cognitions and behaviors, 2) to determine what familial or child characteristics might exacerbate or mitigate such longitudinal effects, and 3) to determine the extent to which these effects generalize across the four cultures represented by the four countries studied. In addition, in the United States we expect to be able to evaluate the extent to which the intervention delivered to the high violence viewers in 1978 and 1979 had any lasting effects.