EMOTIVE - Extracting the Meaning Of Terse Information in a geo-Visualisation of Emotion

在过去十年的互联网扩张和普及中，普通人表达和交流意见和感受的能力超出了所有人的预期。这对军队和国家安全机构既提供了机遇，也带来了挑战。机会出现在容易获得的对不满和反对运动和倡议的认识上。最近的城市骚乱表明，社交网络在2011年夏季快速发展的事件中发挥了关键作用。由于社会互动和公共传播媒体来源的绝对数量，这些挑战已经升级。这项研究在一项大胆的倡议中解决了其中的一些问题，将成熟和深思熟虑的科学与日益熟悉的Web2.0工具相结合。将有选择地监控四种最受欢迎的公共思想交流来源(电子邮件、Facebook等社交网络、Twitter等微博以及对报纸社论和重要报道的评论)。将通过扩展首席调查员已经为电子邮件开发的自然语言处理技术来提取可能引起军事和国家安全机构关注的敏感单词和短语。该小组将开发一个本体(一个基于规则的语言数据库)，其中提取的单词和短语将经过语义过滤，并限制为一组可管理的商定术语。本体论将如何工作的一个例子可以通过以下方式来说明：例如，在已建立的词汇表(突袭、掠夺、洗劫等)中，可以用多种方式来表达单词“掠夺”。以及在城市和地区的街头语言和文本说话(翻来覆去，诈骗等)。本体论将经过训练，以识别单词和短语，在它们之间建立语义联系，并向分析师提供一个或多个可接受的描述符。当应用于特定事件、个人和团体时，Emotive将监控通过本体过滤的敏感单词和短语的流量。增加的活动性将由出现的频率或严重性来指示，其将通过使用词的大小作为频率和因此重要性的隐喻的概念云来呈现。此外，将创建第二本体，其中将利用表达情感的词和短语，并且该本体将以类似于第一本体的方式处理从上述四个来源提取的情感充斥的词和短语。两个本体的输出将被链接，因此，监测分析员将被呈现给与基于语言的术语附加的情感强度的颜色编码指示。情感的最后一个功能将是一个地理界面，以指向情感充斥的流量的位置。该界面将每隔60秒刷新一次，帮助识别通信和活动的敏感热点。由有效呈现的新知识组成的系统的输出将使国防和国家安全机构能够在事件发展过程中预测和监测选定的事件，并将帮助制定政策。可以说，公众将成为这项研究的直接受益者，因为作为公共安全和秩序卫士的国防和国家安全机构将进一步配备该工具，以识别、评估并最终保护公众免受潜在有害事件的影响。国防和国家机构将在监控这些数据源方面已经经验丰富，但该工具增加了额外的分析过滤器，它将几乎实时工作，如果需要，将合并来自多个来源的数据，并将提供协调的输出。

The ability for ordinary people to express and exchange their opinions and feelings has increased beyond all expectations in the past ten years of internet expansion and availability. To the military and national security agencies this has provided both opportunities and challenges. Opportunities have emerged in the sense of readily available awareness of discontent and oppositional movements and initiatives. Recent urban disturbances have illustrated the key role played by social networks in the fast-moving events of Summer 2011. The challenges have escalated due to the sheer number of sources of social interaction and public communication media. This research addresses some of these issues in a bold initiative to combine well established and considered science with the increasingly familiar tools of Web 2.0.Four of the most popular sources of the public exchange of ideas (email, social networks, such as Facebook, microblogs, such as Twitter and comments to newspaper editorials and high-profile stories) will be selectively monitored. Sensitive words and phrases which may be of concern to the military and national security agencies will be extracted by extending a Natural Language Processing technique already developed for email by the Principal Investigator. The team will develop an ontology (a rule-based linguistic database) in which the extracted words and phrases will be semantically filtered and restricted to a manageable set of agreed terms. An example of how the ontology will work can be illustrated by suggesting the number of ways the word 'looting' might be expressed in, for example, established vocabulary (raiding, pillaging, ransacking, etc.) as well as in urban and regional street language and text speak ( doin' over, scamming, etc.). The ontology will be trained to recognise the words and phrases, make semantic links between them and deliver one or more accepted descriptors to the analysts. EMOTIVE will monitor the traffic of sensitive words and phrases filtered through the ontology when applied to specific incidents, individuals and groups. Increased activity will be indicated by frequency of occurrence or severity, which will be presented through a concept cloud which uses the size of words as a metaphor for frequency and hence importance.Further to this, a second ontology will be created in which words and phrases that express emotion will be harnessed and this ontology will process the emotionally charged words and phrases extracted from the four sources described above in a similar way to the firstThe output of both ontologies will be linked, so that the monitoring analyst will be presented with a colour-coded indication of the strength of emotion attached to the language-based terms.The final feature in Emotive will be a geo interface to point to the location of the emotionally charged traffic. This interface will be refreshed every 60 seconds with the effect of helping to identify sensitive hot spots of communication and activities. Outputs from the system consisting of effectively presented new knowledge will enable defence and national security agencies both to predict and monitor selected events as they develop and will assist in the formulation of policy.It can be argued that the general public will be direct beneficiaries of this research in that the defence and national security agencies who act as guardians of public safety and order will be further equipped by this tool to identify, evaluate and ultimately safeguard the public from potentially harmful events.Defence and national agencies will already be experienced at monitoring these data sources but this tool adds an extra filter of analysis, it will work in almost real time, will amalgamate data from several sources if desired and will provide harmonised output.