Re-Distributed Manufacturing and the Resilient, Sustainable City (ReDReSC)

全球化现象改变了世界制造业经济，有利于规模经济、运营灵活性、风险分担和进入新市场。它的代价是西方经济体的制造业和其他工作岗位减少，核心能力丧失，高度互联和相互依存的全球体系崩溃的风险增加。全球化对资源的需求和对环境的影响也导致了可持续性的丧失。新的高适应性制造工艺和技术能够在小范围内运作，可能会使制造业经济重新平衡。它们提供了一种新的理解的可能性，即设计、制造和服务应该在哪里以及如何进行，以在我们的经济中实现最适当的能力和就业可能性的组合，同时也最大限度地降低环境成本，提高产品对市场的专业化，并确保在自然和社会政治破坏下提供的弹性。该提案汇集了一个跨学科的学术团队，与工业和当地社区合作，探索这种制造业再分配（RDM）在城市及其腹地的规模的影响，以布里斯托尔为例，在其欧洲绿色资本年，并专注于弹性和可持续性问题。这一探索的目的是为RDM对城市的影响制定一个愿景、路线图和研究议程，同时为许多利益相关者之间的网络化合作开发一种方法，使人们能够深刻理解所要实现的问题，并探索解决问题的新方法。该网络将从多个学科角度研究这些问题，汇集制造、设计、物流、运营管理、基础设施、弹性、可持续性、工程系统、地理科学、数学建模等方面的专家。他们将考虑RDM如何以多种方式促进城市的弹性和可持续性：首先，我们如何描述我们在城市中面临的经济、社会和环境挑战，而RDM可能有助于解决这些挑战？其次，哪些技术发展，例如在制造设备和数字技术方面，是RDM的推动者？它们对一系列制造应用以及产品和系统设计的影响是什么？第三，社会和政治发展，例如公共政策、法规、社会企业或环保主义的兴起，对RDM的影响是什么？它们的含义是什么？第四，再分配对供应网络和物流安排的商业影响是什么？最后，这对城市的物理和数字基础设施有什么影响？此外，该网络将通过其开展嵌入式重点研究的方式，探索跨学科团队可能聚集在一起解决社会重大挑战并为其解决方案制定研究议程的机制。这将以共同合作为基础，结合使用“合作实验室”（一个没有围墙的中心）和“生活实验室”（一个公私伙伴关系的集合，企业、研究人员、当局和公民在其中共同努力，创造新的服务、商业理念、市场和技术）。

The world's manufacturing economy has been transformed by the phenomenon of globalisation, with benefits for economies of scale, operational flexibility, risk sharing and access to new markets. It has been at the cost of a loss of manufacturing and other jobs in western economies, loss of core capabilities and increased risks of disruption in the highly interconnected and interdependent global systems. The resource demands and environmental impacts of globalisation have also led to a loss of sustainability. New highly adaptable manufacturing processes and techniques capable of operating at small scales may allow a rebalancing of the manufacturing economy. They offer the possibility of a new understanding of where and how design, manufacture and services should be carried out to achieve the most appropriate mix of capability and employment possibilities in our economies but also to minimise environmental costs, to improve product specialisation to markets and to ensure resilience of provision under natural and socio-political disruption. This proposal brings together an interdisciplinary academic team to work with industry and local communities to explore the impact of this re-distribution of manufacturing (RDM) at the scale of the city and its hinterland, using Bristol as an example in its European Green Capital year, and concentrating on the issues of resilience and sustainability. The aim of this exploration will be to develop a vision, roadmap and research agenda for the implications of RDM for the city, and at the same time develop a methodology for networked collaboration between the many stakeholders that will allow deep understanding of the issues to be achieved and new approaches to their resolution explored.The network will study the issues from a number of disciplinary perspectives, bringing together experts in manufacturing, design, logistics, operations management, infrastructure, resilience, sustainability, engineering systems, geographical sciences, mathematical modelling and beyond. They will consider how RDM may contribute to the resilience and sustainability of a city in a number of ways: firstly, how can we characterise the economic, social and environmental challenges that we face in the city for which RDM may contribute to a solution? Secondly, what are the technical developments, for example in manufacturing equipment and digital technologies, that are enablers for RDM, and what are their implications for a range of manufacturing applications and for the design of products and systems? Thirdly, what are the social and political developments, for example in public policy, in regulation, in the rise of social enterprise or environmentalism that impact on RDM and what are their implications? Fourthly, what are the business implications, on supply networks and logistics arrangements, of the re-distribution? Finally, what are the implications for the physical and digital infrastructure of the city?In addition, the network will, through the way in which it carries out embedded focused studies, explore mechanisms by which interdisciplinary teams may come together to address societal grand challenges and develop research agendas for their solution. These will be based on working together using a combination of a Collaboratory - a centre without walls - and a Living Lab - a gathering of public-private partnerships in which businesses, researchers, authorities, and citizens work together for the creation of new services, business ideas, markets, and technologies.