Heat supply through Solar Thermochemical Residential Seasonal Storage (Heat-STRESS)

可再生热能激励（RHI）计划鼓励英国采用可再生热能技术，以支持到2020年12%的供热来自可再生能源的目标，太阳能是具有巨大潜力的可再生能源形式之一。入射到一个典型家庭屋顶上的太阳辐射量超过了一年的能源消耗。然而，长期以来，太阳能热能技术的利用障碍在于能源供应和需求之间明显的不匹配。热应力项目旨在通过短期（昼夜）和长期（季节性）热能储存和热化学热Transformer技术提供太阳能热能的最大效益，以显著降低单个和/或多个住宅建筑（如当地社区或多层开发）的能源需求。该概念提出了在整体系统中显着推进相变材料（PCM）存储和热化学技术，使其有可能提供技术和经济可行的解决方案。对于显热存储系统，所需的存储体积将很大，并且难以集成到现有的家庭住宅中。潜热蓄热比显热蓄热具有更高的能量密度，热化学蓄热比潜热蓄热具有更高的能量密度。此外，热化学吸附技术很少遭受长期的热量损失，并为太阳能季节性能量储存提供了一个优选的选择，即使用在夏季收集的多余太阳能热量来补偿冬季期间的供热不足。热化学吸附系统的一个显著优点是它本质上是一个集成的热泵和能量存储系统。这是一个纯热驱动的热泵循环，热源可以是季节性储存的太阳能，这将提供避免电力或天然气使用和非高峰电网负荷的潜力，这是由于部署集成的空气和地源热泵，电锅炉，燃气锅炉和目前正在开发的储存技术。热转换提供了升级热量的机会，这可能适用于家庭供暖，使其能够提供更高温度的生活热水。Heat-STREES项目旨在将尖端技术推向新的高度，尽管技术准备水平较低。我们应该以长远的眼光来设想：实现脱碳和削减能源费用的当务之急之一是避免传统的发电和天然气消耗，因为需求不断增加，能源贫困加剧，以及即将加强的碳税。为了挖掘热化学吸附和PCM热存储的所有吸引人的潜力，为更好的先进世界做出贡献，需要学术界和工业界更直接的集体努力来解决重要的研究问题。

The Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) scheme encourages uptake of renewable heat technologies in the UK to support the ambition of 12% of the heating coming from renewable sources by 2020, and solar energy is one of the forms of renewable energy that has great potential. The amount of solar radiation incident on the roof of a typical home exceeds its energy consumption over a year. However, the longstanding barriers to the utilisation of solar thermal energy technology lie in the noticeable miss-match between energy supply and demand. The Heat-STRESS project aims to deliver the maximum benefits of solar thermal energy by means of short-term (diurnal) and long-term (seasonal) thermal energy storage and thermochemical heat transformer technology to significantly reduce energy demands for individual and/or multiple residential buildings, such as a local community or multi-storey development. The concept proposes to significantly advance phase change material (PCM) storage and thermochemical technology in a holistic system such that it has the potential to provide both a technically and economically viable solution. With sensible heat storage systems, the storage volumes required will be large and difficult to integrate into existing domestic dwellings. The latent heat storage has higher energy density than sensible heat system, and thermal-chemical thermal storage has much higher energy density than latent heat. Moreover, thermochemical sorption technologies seldom suffers from long-term heat loss and provide a preferable option for solar seasonal energy storage, i.e. using excess solar heat collected in the summer to compensate for the heat supply insufficiency during the winter time. One of the significant advantages of a thermochemical sorption system is that it is inherently an integrated heat pump and energy storage system. It is a pure heat-driven heat pump cycle and the heat source can be the seasonally stored solar energy, which would provide the potential to avoid electricity or gas use and off-peak grid loading resulting from the deployment of integrated air and ground source heat pumps, electric boiler, gas boiler and storage technology currently being developed. The thermal transformation provides the opportunity to upgrade heat, which may be suitable for domestic heating, so that it can provide higher temperature domestic hot water.The Heat-STREES project is aiming at a new high level of cutting-edge technologies despites with lower Technology Readiness Level. It should be envisaged with long-term vision: one of imperative measures to realise decarbonisation and to cut energy bills is to avoid the conventional generated electricity and gas consumption due to the continuously increasing demands, aggravating energy poverty and the forthcoming strengthened carbon taxes. In order to tap all appealing potential of thermal-chemical sorption and PCM thermal storage to make contribution for a better advanced world, more immediate collective efforts from both academia and industries is required to address important research issues.