NONINVASIVE TEST FOR LEAD EXPOSURE AND IRON DEFICIENCY

环境和职业接触铅导致大量的 儿童和成人有铅中毒的危险。 因为中枢神经系统 铅的系统毒性可能是不可逆的，需要对其进行筛选 铅吸收增加的风险人群，以检测 其他无症状中毒 测定高水平的 红细胞中的锌原卟啉（ZPP）已被用作 铅暴露的初步筛查程序。 ZPP也升高， 对诊断缺铁有帮助。 筛选的后勤工作将 如果能够开发出一种非侵入性技术， 在体内测量红细胞ZPP而不需要血液样品。 一个 将测试为此目的设计的电光器件;它使用 用于经皮激发ZPP荧光的绿色光，和 从绿色、黄色和红色确定皮下血液的体积 反射率测量，从以下比率导出血液ZPP水平： 测量ZPP荧光和血容量。 流式细胞术将是 用于研究ZPP荧光在个体中的分布 红细胞

Environmental and occupational exposure to lead place large numbers of children and adults at risk of lead poisoning. Because the central nervous system toxicity of lead may be irreversible, its is desirable to screen populations at risk for increased lead absorption in order to detect otherwise asymptomatic poisoning. The determination of elevated levels of zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) in erythrocytes has been used for some years as a primary screening procedure for lead exposure. ZPP is also elevated, and useful in diagnosis, in iron deficiency. The logistics of screening would be simplified if a noninvasive technique could be developed which would measure erythrocyte ZPP in vivo without the need for a blood sample. An electro-optical device designed for this purpose will be tested; it uses green light for transcutaneous excitation of ZPP fluorescence, and determines the volume of subcutaneous blood from green, yellow, and red reflectance measurements, deriving a blood ZPP level from the ratio of measurements of ZPP fluorescence and blood volume. Flow cytometry will be used to investigate distributions of ZPP fluorescence in individual erythrocytes.