SUPERGEN Bioenergy Hub Extension

英国每年产生数百万吨垃圾，这些垃圾被填埋。仅英国每年就产生超过[]公吨的废木。此外，还有大片土地(例如废弃的垃圾填埋场、煤矿和水处理设施)，可以种植能源作物，以增加补救和改善土地质量。众所周知，像Willlow这样生长迅速的物种在从地面隔离重金属和其他污染物方面是有效的。当作物收获时，污染物有效地从分散在土地上的污染物转变为在作物中更集中的形式。然后可以从作物中提取能量，转化过程中的残留物比最初分散的污染更容易管理。然而，必须注意确保被污染的成分被隔离，而不是以可能对环境产生负面影响的方式释放到空气、水或陆地中。这项工作将研究现有的和新的能源作物种植园，以评估它们在修复土地方面的效用以及这种方法对环境的净影响。我们还将监测环境污染物在一系列不同转化过程中的行为，以确定它们在不同条件下的途径。这对于评估该系统的环境影响很重要，但它也为负责设计转化工厂的工程师提供了有用的信息，以便他们知道如何调整工艺条件、材料和预测与废物燃料相关的任何性能变化。这项工作的重点是在受污染的土地上种植能源作物。然而，它的应用范围远远不止于此。英国可用于提供可再生生物能源的土地数量有限。然而，产生了大量的废物，可以可持续地输送能源。为了持续和有效地实现这一点，工程师必须能够获得废物转化过程中污染物行为的数据，本项目将提供这些数据，从而实现更高效的设计，降低对环境的影响，并支持这些设施的工业部署。

Every year the UK produces millions of tonnes of waste which is landfilled. There are over over [ ]Mt waste wood alone produced in the UK each year. In addition there are large areas of land (e.g. disused landfill sites, coal-mines and water treatment facilities where energy crops could be grown to add remediation and improve land quality. It is well known that fast growing species such as willlow are efficient at sequestering heavy metals and other contaminants from the ground. When the crops are harvested the contamination is effectively transformed from a dispersed contamination on land to a much more concentrated form in the crop. Energy can then be extracted from the crop and the residues from the conversion process are easier to manage than the original dispersed contamination. However, care must be taken to ensure that the contaminated components are sequestered rather than being released to air, water or land in a way that could have negative environmental impacts. This work will study existing and new plantations of energy crops to evaluate their utility in remediating land and the net environmental impact of this approach. We will also monitor the behavrour of the envrionmental contaminants in a range of different conversion processes to establish the pathway they take under different conditions. This is important for evaluating the environmental impact of the system but it also provides useful information for engineers charged with designing the conversoin plant, so that they know how to adjust process conditions, materials and predict any changes in performance associated with the waste fuel.The focus of this work is energy crops grown on contaminated land. However, its application is much wider than that. The UK has a limited amount of land that can be used to provide renewable bioenergy. However, a vast quantity of wastes are produced that could sustainably deliver energy. In order to do this sustaianbly and effiiciently it is impmortant that engineers have access to data on how the contaminants in waste behave during conversion and this proejct will provide that, allowing more efficient design, lower environmental impact and supporting industrial deployment of these facilities.