Minimising energy in construction

据估计，建筑环境约占所有碳排放的50%。建筑业创造和维护了我们的建筑环境，约占全球GDP的10%。最近在降低运营能耗方面取得的成功以及对接近零的能源建筑引入了严格的目标，这意味着体现能源将很快接近总能源消耗的100%。通过对最近建造的钢铁和混凝土建筑的分析，强调了这一根本性转变的重要性，其中表明体现能源浪费在50%左右的情况很常见。必须解决建筑和基础设施的低效过度设计问题，以最大限度地减少实际能源需求，并满足未来的能源效率目标。英国政府制定了到2025年实现排放减少50%、成本降低33%、建设交付速度加快50%的雄心。这些雄心勃勃的目标必须在实现的同时，全球建筑市场的价值预计将增长70%以上。要实现增长并将体现能源降至最低，需要在采购、设计和施工方面进行阶段性改变，将体现能源置于整体全生命周期设计过程的中心。到2050年，全球人口预计将增长至97亿，其中67%居住在城市。到2030年，仅中国一人就将使中国城市人口增加3.5亿。然而，到2060年，欧洲和日本的人口都将比现在少，中国的总人口预计在2030年至2100年期间将减少4亿。在一些国家，城市人口的减少将伴随着总人口的减少。这给建筑环境的设计带来了一个复杂的问题，在这种环境中，今天建造的建筑和基础设施预计将使用60-120年：提供具有弹性、健康和中期生产力的结构，但可拆卸并可能长期重复使用。对这项建议进行有针对性的可行性研究，对确保能达致这个目标至为重要。我们已确定一系列必须进行可行性研究的范畴，以确定研究需要，以便在2025年前大幅节省建造业的能源。我们将按优先顺序确定一系列体现能源节约的“低挂果”研究领域，并与我们的行业合作伙伴合作，制定在建筑业实施的可行途径。

The built environment is estimated to account for around 50% of all carbon emissions. About 10% of global GDP is generated by the construction industry, which creates and maintains our built environment. Recent success in reducing operational energy consumption and the introduction of strict targets for near-zero energy buildings mean that the embodied energy will soon approach 100% of total energy consumption.The importance of this fundamental shift in focus is highlighted by the analysis of recently constructed steel and concrete buildings, in which it was demonstrated that embodied energy wastage in the order of 50% is common. Inefficient over-design of buildings and infrastructure must be tackled to minimise embodied energy demand and to meet future energy efficiency targets.The UK Government has set out its ambition to achieve 50% lower emissions, 33% lower costs, and 50% faster delivery in construction by 2025. These ambitious targets must be met at the same time as the global construction market is expected to grow in value by over 70%. Achieving growth and minimising embodied energy will require a step change in procurement, design and construction that puts embodied energy at the centre of a holistic whole-life cycle design process.The global population is expected to grow to 9.7billion by 2050, with 67% of us living in cities. China alone will add 350 million people to its urban population by 2030. Yet Europe's and Japan's population will both be smaller in 2060 than they are today, and the total population of China is expected to fall by 400million between 2030 and 2100. Depopulation of cities will occur alongside reductions in total populations for some countries. This presents a complex problem for the design of the built environment in which buildings and infrastructure constructed today are expected to be in use for 60-120 years: providing structures that are resilient, healthy, and productive in the medium term, but demountable and potentially reusable in the long term. The targeted feasibility studies of this proposal will be vital in ensuring that this can be achieved.We have identified a series of areas where feasibility studies are essential to define research needs to enable significant energy savings in the construction industry before 2025. We will identify a series of 'low-hanging fruit' research areas, in priority order, for embodied energy savings, and work with our industrial partners to develop feasible pathways to implementation in the construction industry.