Briquetting of recycled glass fines for energy and CO2 reduction in the glass industry

全球玻璃制造业每年消耗140 - 220太瓦时的能源，排放5000 - 6000万吨二氧化碳。由于制造效率低下，如果不进行干预和增加产品需求，预计到2019年，玻璃制造的全球二氧化碳排放量将增加20%。仅在英国，玻璃行业每年就生产300多万吨玻璃，使用4.5太瓦时的能源（每吨玻璃熔化1.4兆瓦时），并排放200万吨二氧化碳。在熔炉中熔化玻璃所需的能量占能源消耗的75%。熔融炉通常具有50-60%的效率，然而，引入回收玻璃（碎玻璃）显着降低了玻璃熔化的能源需求和二氧化碳排放。优质肉片的供应是整个行业面临的挑战——每年有20%的肉片被拒绝并送往垃圾填埋场。我们正在提出一项新的压块工艺的可行性研究，该工艺将废弃的碎料（细粒）转化为有价值的废料，重新引入玻璃制造。拟议的技术有潜力(i)将玻璃工业的二氧化碳排放量减少多达8%；（ii）确保英国和全球肉片的长期供应；（iii）将该行业的能源成本降低4-8%。这个应用程序是一个基于实验室的项目，利用测试压块线，实验室规模的玻璃熔化和测试设备。项目可行性步骤如下：(1)探索所需的材料和粘结剂，以实现玻璃原料在炉内熔化的最佳速度和效率；(2)确定用于制造和加工目的的压块的物理、化学和尺寸要求，以及如何设计压块线以适应这些要求；(3)实验室规模的玻璃熔融试验，以确定炉内压块的效果；(4)对所得样品进行表征和分析，以了解固结颗粒和结合材料对生产的玻璃质量相对于能耗的影响；(5)能源和成本节约分析，以确定每种型煤排列的环境和成本影响；(6)传播调查结果。

The global glass manufacturing sector uses 140 - 220 Terawatt-hours of energy and emits 50-60 million tonnes of CO2 peryear. Manufacturing inefficiencies are such that, without intervention and increased product demand, global CO2emissions from glass making are forecast to increase by 20% by 2019. In the UK alone the glass industry produces over 3million tonnes of glass per year, using 4.5 Terawatt-hours of energy (1.4 Megawatt-hour per tonne of glass melted), andemits 2 million tonnes of CO2. The energy required for melting glass in a furnace accounts for 75% of the energyconsumption. Melting furnaces typically have 50-60% efficiency, however, the introduction of recycled glass (cullet)significantly reduces glass melting energy requirements and CO2 emissions. The availability of quality cullet is an industrywidechallenge - 20% is rejected every year and sent to landfill.We are proposing a feasibility study for a novel briquetting process that will turn rejected cullet (fines) into valuable wastematerial re-introduced into glass manufacture. The proposed technology has potential to (i) reduce the glass industry's CO2emissions by up to 8%; (ii) Secure the long term UK & global supply of cullet and (iii) reduce the industry's energy costs by4-8%. This application is for a lab based project utilising a test briquetting line, with laboratory scale glass melting and testing equipment. The project feasibility steps will be as follows: (1) exploration of the materials and binders required toachieve optimum speed and efficiency of glass raw materials melting in the furnace; (2) determining the physical, chemicaland dimensional requirements of the briquettes for manufacturing and processing purposes, and how the briquetting lineneeds to be designed to accommodate these; (3) lab scale glass melting trials to determine the effect of the briquettes inthe furnace; (4) characterisation and analysis of the resulting samples to understand the impact of the consolidated culletand binding materials on the quality of glass produced vis-a-vis energy consumption; (5) energy and cost savings analysisto determine the environmental and cost implications of each briquette permutation; and (6) Dissemination of findings.