FENGBO-WIND - Farming the ENvironment into the Grid: Big data in Offshore Wind

拟议的项目将开发一种综合计算模拟方法，能够处理当地大气、沿海海洋和沉积环境、农场空气动力学、涡轮机响应和海上风电场电网集成之间复杂的相互作用。这将旨在通过开发：高保真优化阵列设计和操作，为特定地点量身定制，能够处理现实的海洋大气边界层条件，特别是非常缓慢的转子尾迹耗散；结合在极端条件下对整个系统进行大规模模拟的大数据分析，在不过度保守安全系数的情况下最大限度地降低完整性风险。这两种情况都将在中国沿海海上农场发展的背景下进行调查，这带来了关于沿海特征（例如高沉积物浓度）和极端事件（特别是台风）的特殊挑战。为了实现这一目标，我们提出了一种多尺度的风电场设计和网络集成方法，首先，通过高分辨率的计算机模拟，在分析中更准确地描述极端事件（和积极的缓解策略）；其次，风力发电场设计和运行的新优化技术，可以利用海洋大气和单个涡轮机（气动伺服弹性）动力学的相关知识进行持续的电力提取；第三，稳健的电网设计和运营策略，以适应风力资源的可变性，并最大限度地提高能源生产的可持续性。FENGBO-WIND将对农场动态和农场/环境相互作用进行迄今为止最雄心勃勃的计算机模拟，以建立基于物理的农场产出预测能力，并调查农场与当地环境之间的长期相互作用。一个跨学科的专家联盟，包括地球/环境科学家，土木和电气工程师，以及流体动力学家，已经聚集在一起解决这个具有挑战性的计算问题。该团队将使用(1)世界上最大的超级计算机（神威太湖之光）对特定环境情景下的能量输出和农场状态进行全系统模拟，(2)来自中国沿海现有风力发电场的运行数据，以及通过与当地电网公司的合作获得目标地点的条件，以及(3)来自中国领先制造商的最先进风力涡轮机设计的性能数据。研究结果将以最先进的工业设计工具和海上风电场电网整合协议为基准。

The proposed project will develop an integrated computational simulation approach capable of handling the complex interactions between the local atmosphere, the coastal ocean and sedimentary environment, farm aerodynamics, turbine response and grid integration in offshore wind farms. This will target a substantial reduction in the cost of energy in offshore wind by exploiting: high-fidelity optimization of array design and operation, tailored to a specific site and able to deal with realistic marine atmospheric boundary layer conditions, in particular the very slow dissipation of rotor wakes; combined with big-data analysis of very-large-scale simulations of the whole system under extreme conditions, to minimize integrity risks without overly conservative safety factors. Both situations will be investigated within the context of the development of offshore farms off the Chinese coast, which brings particular challenges regarding coastal characteristics (e.g. high sediment concentrations) and extreme events (in particular typhoons). To achieve this we propose a multiscale approach to wind farm design and network integration that considers, first, a more accurate characterisation of extreme events (and active mitigation strategies) in the analysis through highly-resolved computer simulation; second, new optimization techniques for the design and operation of wind farms that allow for sustained power extraction using relevant knowledge of both the marine atmosphere and individual turbine (aeroservoelastic) dynamics; and third, robust grid design and operation strategies that accommodate wind resource variability and maximise the sustainability of energy generation. FENGBO-WIND will carry out the most ambitious computer simulations to date on farm dynamics and farm/environment interaction, to build physics-based predictive capabilities on farm output and investigate long-term interactions between farms and their local environment.An interdisciplinary consortium of experts, including Earth/environmental scientists, civil and electrical engineers, and fluid dynamicists, have been assembled to tackle this challenging computational problem. The team will have access to (1) the world's largest supercomputer (Sunway TaihuLight) to carry out full system simulations of energy output and farm state for specific environmental scenarios, (2) operational data from existing wind farms off the Chinese coast as well as conditions at a target site through a partnership with a local grid company, and (3) performance data for a state-of-the-art wind turbine design from the leading Chinese manufacturer. The results will be benchmarked against state-of-the-art industrial design tools and protocols for grid integration for offshore wind farms.