KES - Kite Energy Scheme

准确了解空气动力，特别是阻力和稳定运行的升力系数极限，对于设计高效的风筝能量系统至关重要。本项目中的系统还涉及风筝的自主操纵，因此控制导数的知识非常重要。因此，将研究由后缘弯度和翼尖向下曲率（下反角）的微小变化引起的升力、俯仰和滚转力矩。由于阻力的重要性，还将努力使系索的寄生阻力最小化。帝国理工学院对该项目的贡献将在缩小比例的受控风洞条件下测量上述空气动力。结果将与项目另一部分获得的现场测试经验进行比较，然后用作预测风筝能源系统运行特征的分析工具的输入。帝国理工学院的第二项贡献将是扩展和验证轨道和机动条件下风筝空气动力学的建模，特别是开发尾流建模，以提高准确性，更好地理解系统中运行重叠的两个风筝所引起的问题，并考虑平均风切变和湍流的影响。

Accurate knowledge of the aerodynamic forces, particularly drag and the limits of the lift coefficient for stable operation are essential for the design of an efficient kite energy system. The system in the present project also involves autonomous manoeuvring of the kite and therefore knowledge of control derivatives is very important. Lift, pitch and roll moments induced by small changes in camber at the trailing edge, and downward curvature at the tips (anhedral) will therefore be studied. Because of the importance of drag, effort will also be directed to the minimisation of the parasitic drag of the bridle lines. The Imperial College contribution to the project will measure the above listed aerodynamic forces under controlled wind tunnel conditions at reduced scale. The results will be compared with field testing experience obtained in another section of the project and then used as inputs to the analysis tool which predicts the operational characteristics of the kite energy system. The second contribution from Imperial College will be to extend and validate the modelling of the kite aerodynamics under orbiting and manoeuvring conditions, in particular developing the wake modelling to achieve greater accuracy and understanding of the issues raised by running two kites with operational overlap in the system, and to consider effects of mean wind shear and turbulence.