An EPSRC National Research Facility to facilitate Data Science in the Physical Sciences: The Physical Sciences Data science Service (PSDS)

现代物理学家在不产生大量数据、求助于相关/先前数据、进行重大数据分析并将结果与其他数据整合的情况下，无法进行他们的研究。这需要一系列的技能和资源，这是大多数物理学家无法获得的。因此，物理科学迫切需要提供获取数据的途径，并将其与数据科学方法相结合。这需要建立一个新的技能基础，使其能够以数据科学的方式工作。物理科学数据科学服务处(PSDS)将提供一个单一的地方，在那里可以以统一的方式存储和搜索现有的数据库、开放的数据源和仍在处理的数据。这意味着寻找和组合不同类型的物理科学数据--从结构细节到材料的测量物理性质--将变得微不足道。它还将使实验数据与已有数据的即时比较和上下文成为可能。然而，这只是个开始。能够对所有这些数据进行数据科学有着巨大的潜力，例如，机器学习和人工智能方法本身正在成为一种新的研究途径。至关重要的是，数据科学要成为所有物理学家的常规工具。对许多人来说，这将意味着学习新技能。因此，PSDS将围绕开展数据科学所需的四项主要能力(统计、编程/工具、计算方法和数据可视化)制定培训方案。与网络的明确联系和研究生培训将使PSDS用户在数据科学的各个方面获得更深的技能。长期目标是PSDS，因此，数据科学，成为物理学家研究基础设施的无缝、关键部分。

The modern physical scientist cannot perform their research without generating significant quantities of data, having recourse to related/prior data, significant data analysis and integrating results with other data. This requires a range of skills and resources that are not available to the majority of physical scientists. There is therefore an urgent need in the physical sciences for providing access to data and integrating them with data science approaches. This requires building a new skills base that enables and empowers working in a data science way. The Physical Sciences Data-science Service (PSDS) will provide a single place where existing databases, open data sources and data that is still being worked on can be stored and searched in a unified way. This means that it will become trivial to find and combine different types of physical sciences data - from details on structure to measured physical properties of materials. It will also make possible instant comparison of and context for experiment data with that already available. This is just the start however. There is enormous potential for being able to perform data science across all of these data, that is for example, Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence approaches, which are becoming a new avenue of research in their own right. It is vital that data science becomes a routine tool for all physical scientists. For many this will mean learning new skills. The PSDS will therefore develop a training programme around the four main competencies (statistics, programming/tools, computational methods & data visualisation) required to perform data science. Identified links with networks and postgraduate training will enable PSDS users to gain deeper skills in various aspects of data science.The long-term aim is for the PSDS, and therefore data science, to become a seamless, key part of the research infrastructure for physical scientists.