Injury & Reconstruction Biomechanics Test Suite

社区的复原力和国家的生产力因健康状况不佳而受到损害。肌肉骨骼疾病是NHS年度预算中最大的支出之一，约为54亿英镑，不包括与丧失独立性相关的隐性成本。这一负担将随着时间的推移而增加，不仅是因为到2045年，英国四分之一的公民预计将超过65岁，而且还因为人们对活动的期望越来越高。与此同时，创伤是死亡和残疾的主要原因。每年约有580万人因受伤而死亡，占世界死亡人数的10%，比疟疾、结核病和艾滋病毒/艾滋病造成的死亡人数总和还多32%。创伤主要影响年轻人，他们需要迅速恢复体力活动和工作，并需要终身干预。因此，在生命的各个阶段进行肌肉骨骼系统重建的创新对于确保健康、独立的老龄化至关重要。目前，对损伤的生物力学和重建的研究主要通过分析事件期间的传感器数据（力、位移、应变、高速摄影）以及通过解剖和成像评估事件后的组织失效来进行。然而，在加载过程中，在故障发生之前和故障发生时，在感兴趣的附近准确发生的情况无法真正表征，除非开发出一种方法来在事件发生时“查看内部”。由于感兴趣的事件具有毫秒级的持续时间，因此数据采集的时间分辨率需要远远高于传统临床成像设备的可能分辨率。我们将联合收割机高速摄影与X射线成像相结合，使我们能够以前所未有的采样率进行放射立体测量分析（RSA）。这将是一个国际上独一无二的测试配置，允许该系统与商业和定制的器官和组织测试设备一起使用。损伤与重建生物力学测试套件将使肌肉骨骼创伤的实验模型能够详细可视化和量化损伤开始和传播的位置和时间，从而提供我们想要治疗或减轻的损伤机制的详细图片。通过在一系列生理、动态加载机制下测试假体和手术干预，该套件将允许量化假体与人体组织之间的精确相互作用，并评估手术干预的有效性。这不仅将促进假体设计和外科技术的进一步创新，而且还将为假体和外科干预制定新的、更适当和更准确的资格标准。该套件将能够量化安全气囊或专用服装等防护设备的运动和变形，以及它们在侮辱过程中与人体前所未有的精确互动。这将为开发更多用于测试车辆和防护设备的生物替代品提供信息，为开发和验证人体损伤计算模型提供可靠的数据，并促进国防，汽车和运动应用防护设备设计的创新。该套房将是一个国际上独一无二的国家设施，有潜力在肌肉骨骼，骨科和损伤生物力学，损伤预防和外科重建方面产生令人兴奋的转型研究，并将其转化为实践，以改善终身健康。

The resilience of communities and productivity of the nation is compromised by ill health. Musculo-skeletal disorders are one of the biggest expenditures in the annual NHS budget at approximately £5.4 billion, not including the hidden costs associated with loss of independence. This burden will increase with time not only because 1 in 4 citizens in the UK is expected to be over 65 years of age by 2045, but also due to the rising expectations of activity. At the same time, trauma is a leading cause of death and disability. Approximately 5.8 million people die each year as a result of injuries; this accounts for 10% of the world's deaths, 32% more than the number of fatalities that result from malaria, tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS combined. Trauma predominantly affects the young, who require swift return to physical activity and work, and interventions that will last them for life. Innovation in reconstruction of the musculoskeletal system at all stages of life is therefore paramount to ensure healthy, independent ageing. Currently, research into the biomechanics and reconstruction of injury is conducted largely by analysing sensor data (force, displacement, strain, high-speed photography) during the event, and assessing tissue failure after the event through dissection and imaging. What occurs precisely, however, at the vicinity of interest during loading, both prior to and at the time of failure, cannot be characterised truly unless a methodology is developed to 'look inside' while the event occurs. As the events of interest have millisecond durations, the temporal resolution of data acquisition needs to be far higher than what is possible with conventional clinical imaging equipment. We will combine high-speed photography with x-ray imaging in a way that it will enable us to perform radiostereometric analysis (RSA) with unprecedented sampling rates. This will be an internationally unique testing configuration allowing the system to be used with commercial and bespoke organ and tissue testing equipment. The Injury & Reconstruction Biomechanics Test Suite will enable experimental models of musculoskeletal trauma with detailed visualisation and quantification of the location and time of injury initiation and propagation, and so deliver a detailed picture of the mechanism of injury that we want to treat or mitigate. By enabling testing of prostheses and surgical interventions over a range of physiological, dynamic loading regimes, the Suite will allow for the quantification of the precise interaction between prostheses with human tissue and the evaluation of the efficacy of surgical interventions. This will not only promote further innovation in prostheses design and surgical techniques, but also the development of new, more appropriate and accurate qualification criteria for prostheses and surgical interventions. The Suite will enable the quantification of the motion and deformation of protective equipment, such as airbags or specialised clothing, and their precise interaction with the human body in unprecedented detail during the insult. This will inform the development of more biofidelic human surrogates for testing vehicles and protective equipment, provide robust data for the development and validation of computational models of human injury, and facilitate innovation in design of protective equipment for defence, automotive, and sport applications. The Suite will be an internationally unique national facility that has the potential to spawn exciting transformational research in musculoskeletal, orthopaedic and injury biomechanics, injury prevention, and surgical reconstruction, and enable its translation into practice for the improvement of lifelong health.