MOLECULAR FORCES IN CELLULAR ASSEMBLY

通过直接测量大分子之间的力， 我们最终正在了解这些相互作用如何使膜 分子组装体的形成。从发现 水化或溶剂化力是最重要的相互作用 在最后几纳米接近接触时遇到的，我们现在 系统地研究控制表面的分子特征， 水合作用水化力对相对较小的变化非常敏感 在脂质极性基团或结合到 大分子表面 在我们测量了分子无序的变化后， 改变分子间的相互作用与分离，我们推导出一个模型 分子在相邻分子力场中的运动。一直 最终在分子力和运动之间建立了联系。 在理论方面，我们也分析了离子的涨落， 电荷，并发现由此产生的电荷波动力，类似于 货车范德华力，创造了强大的吸引力，解释了 非极性表面之间令人困惑的“长程疏水相互作用”。 关于这种相互作用的早期想法必须假设不可能的扰动 水溶解了地表上的数百个安格利特。

By directly measuring the forces between large molecules or between membranes we are learning finally how these interactions allow the formation of molecular assemblies. Beginning with the discovery that hydration or solvation forces are the most important interactions encountered during the last few nanometers approaching contact, we are now systematically investigating the molecular features that govern surface hydration. Hydration forces are very sensitive to relatively small changes in composition of lipid polar groups or of small molecules bound to the macromolecular surface. Following our measurement of the change in molecular disorder accompanying changes in molecular interaction with separation, we have derived a model of molecular motion in the force field of neighboring molecules. There has finally been a connection established between molecular force and motion. On the theoretical side also, we have analyzed the fluctuations of ionic charge and found that the resulting charge fluctuation forces, analogous to van der Waals forces, create strong attractive forces that explain the puzzling "long range hydrophobic interaction" between non-polar surfaces. Earlier ideas about this interaction had to assume improbable perturbation of water solvent hundreds of Angstroms from the surface.