HORMONE REPLACEMENT IN MENOPAUSAL WOMEN

在一项研究中， 绝经后妇女的体脂分布和体脂量 独立地从下部（gynoid）分布到上部（android）分布 从低（瘦）到高（肥胖），我们发现 增加的身体脂肪百分比和更android身体脂肪分布， 年龄增长。腰围与体重呈独立的负相关， 髋关节比率，但不包括年龄或体重指数（BMI），12小时搏动 GH水平和GHRH刺激的GH水平，表明与年龄无关 生长激素分泌减少归因于android体质。经口 雌激素治疗后，自发GH分泌增加，但 经皮雌激素倾向于降低平均GH峰值幅度，而没有 12小时平均GH分泌的变化。口服，但非透皮雌激素 显著降低基础和刺激的IGF-I。另一项研究 雌激素-孕激素联合治疗在老年妇女中显示出显著的 总胆固醇和LDL胆固醇降低，HDL升高 胆固醇，但甘油三酯，BMI或血压没有变化。 尿钙和血清钙的非显著降低与 骨吸收减少。迄今为止的结果与 ERT对骨质疏松症和冠状动脉血管的潜在有益作用 老年妇女的疾病。正在开展新的研究， 从绝经前到绝经后的过渡以及GHRH和 雌二醇对骨质疏松妇女骨骼和肌肉的影响。

In a study of body composition, sex steroids, GH and IGF-I in postmenopausal women whose body fat distribution and body fat mass independently range from lower (gynoid) to upper (android) distribution and from lower (lean) to higher (obese) percent at, we have found increased percent body fat and a more android body fat distribution with increasing age. There were independent inverse correlations of waist to hip ratio, but not of age or body mass index (BMI), with 12 hour pulsatile GH levels and GHRH-stimulated GH levels, suggesting an age-independent decrease in GH secretion attributable to android habitus. After oral estrogen treatment, there was increase in spontaneous GH secretion, but transdermal estrogens tended to decrease mean GH peak amplitude, with no change in 12 h mean GH secretion. Oral, but not transdermal estrogens significantly reduced basal and stimulated IGF-I. Another study examining estrogen-progestin co-therapy in older women has shown significant decreases in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol with increases in HDL cholesterol, but no changes in triglycerides, BMI, or blood pressures. Non-significant decreases in urinary and serum calcium are consistent with a decrease in bone resorption. Results to date are consistent with potential beneficial effects of ERT on osteoporosis and coronary vascular disease in older women. New studies are being initiated to evaluate the transition from pre- to postmenopause and the effects of GHRH and estradiol on bone and muscle in osteoporotic women.