Responsive Additive Manufacture to Overcome Natural and Attack-based disruption (RAMONA)

抗破坏能力强的制造业正变得越来越重要，当前的COVID-19大流行凸显了这一点。虽然2019冠状病毒病是一场自然灾害，但供应链和制造流程的日益数字化意味着恶意活动和网络攻击方面的进一步广泛挑战，这些活动和攻击可能造成重大破坏。虽然新闻表明，其中许多攻击发生在数字平台或金融或卫生机构内，但越来越多的证据表明，制造业等网络物理系统正变得越来越有针对性，因此容易受到破坏。例如，思科（2017）最近的一份报告发现，13个国家中28%的制造商遭受了网络攻击，导致收入损失，随着制造业数字化的提高，这一数字将会增加。因此，如果供应网络中的管柱受到损害，确定保护和重新配置供应网络中的生产点的方法至关重要。本研究特别关注作为响应式制造系统一部分的增材制造供应链，以解决制造供应链中的重大安全挑战，确保英国和全球制造业的供应链弹性更高水平。特别是，这将解决英国增材制造（2017）英国增材制造国家战略报告的呼吁，他们强调了一个关键挑战是解决增材制造生产中与安全相关的挑战，如果生产要分布并响应系统内的紧急变化，例如对手渗透供应链要素，这一点的重要性就会增加。为了支持跨供应网络的制造系统的快速重新配置，我们的愿景是为制造系统创建一种可行的方法，可以检测威胁并在对手存在时快速重新配置自己。作为本研究的一部分，开发的工作包进一步解决了上述关键挑战，并通过开发“双锁”系统（产品上的物理哈希和针对分布式账本技术保护的组件文件上的数字哈希）巩固了我们的愿景，这些系统可以跨不同的SC配置进行扩展和定制，使制造业能够对中断做出响应，并使英国制造业SC具有更大的弹性和敏捷性。该提案还考虑了学术研究的现状，以及行业的基本需求和应用研究。这项研究是变革性的，因为它满足了学术严谨性和工业相关性的双重障碍。为了创造弹性增材制造的工具和技术，本研究将解决以下挑战：-如何开发有效的技术来检测中断；-如何有效、准确地分析干扰；以及-如何通过重新配置制造来应对中断。

Disruption resilient manufacturing is becoming increasingly important, with the current COVID-19 pandemic bringing this to the fore. Whilst COVID-19 was a natural disaster, the increasing digitisation of supply chains and manufacturing processes means further widespread challenges with respect to malicious activity and cyber attacks that can cause significant disruption. Whilst the news suggests many of these take place on digital platforms or within financial or health institutions, there is growing evidence that cyber-physical systems, such as manufacturing, are becoming more regularly targeted and therefore subject to disruption. For instance, a recent Cisco (2017) report found that 28% of manufacturers across 13 countries suffered cyber-attacks that resulted in revenue loss, with this set to increase as digitisation of the manufacturing industry increases. Therefore, it is crucial to identify methods of both securing against and reconfiguring if needed the point of production within the supply network should a string within the supply network become compromised. This research focuses specifically on additive manufacturing supply chains as part of a responsive manufacturing system, to address the significant security challenges within manufacturing supply chains to ensure greater levels of supply chain resilience for both UK and global manufacturing. In particular, this would address the call from Additive Manufacturing UKs (2017) UK National Strategy Report for AM, where they highlighted a critical challenge is to address security related challenges in AM production, with the importance of this increasing if production is to be distributed and responsive to emergent changes within the system, such as an adversary infiltrating elements of the supply chain.To support such rapid reconfiguration of the manufacturing system across the supply network, our vision is to create a practicable methodology for manufacturing systems that can detect a threat and reconfigure themselves rapidly in the presence of an adversary. The work packages developed as part of this research further address the critical challenges outlined above and underpin our vision through the development of 'double lock' system, of physical hash on the product and digital hash on component files secured against a distributed ledger technology, that can be scaled across and tailored to different SC configurations, allowing manufacturing to be responsive to disruption and enable greater resilience and agility in UK manufacturing SCs. This proposal also considers both the current state of the art in academic research, and the fundamental needs and applied research from industry. This research is transformative as it meets the twin hurdle of academic rigour and industrial relevance. To create tools and techniques for resilient additive manufacturing this research will address the following challenges:- How to develop effective techniques to detect disruption;- How to effectively and accurately analyse the disruption; and- How to respond to disruption through reconfigured manufacture.