RESEARCH IN BIOSTATISTICAL METHODOLOGY AND MATHEMATICAL MODELING

调整常量营养素摄入量效果的不同统计方法 总能量摄入量目前被用来分析流行病学 关于饮食和疾病的研究。这项研究考察了统计数据 这些方法的属性。过去一年出版的资料如下： 1)一篇解释三个变量回归系数的论文 另一种回归模型显示，四种不同的影响 兴趣(与在饮食中增加卡路里或替代 饮食中的卡路里来源)可以通过每种模型和派生来评估 该等估计的标准误差为何；及 2)一篇检查这些方法在研究时的行为的论文 受试者被分成几个小组，根据他们的 营养素摄入量。当真正的常量营养素摄入量和他们的中间- 关系是无误的，这项调查表明 威利特的“残差”方法比“标准”方法更有效 (都是测量卡路里替代的影响)，非常类似于 “密度”法。 提交发表的是一篇论文，它考察了 目前使用的能量调整回归方法来解开 总能量来自其组成的宏营养素特定部分的影响。我们 确定，仅基于饮食-癌症流行病学的结果 研究得出的结论是，存在一种特定的常量营养素效应 与普通能源效果相反的是，如果不使 其他假设。

Different statistical methods to adjust the effect of macronutrient intake for total energy intake are currently being used to analyze epidemiologic studies of diet and disease. This research examines the statistical properties of these methods. Published during the past year were: 1) a paper which interprets the regression coefficients of three alternative regression models showing that four different effects of interest (related to either adding calories to the diet or substituting sources of calories in the diet) are estimable by each model and derives the standard errors of these estimates; and 2) a paper which examines the behavior of these methods when the study subjects are categorized into a small number of groups according to their nutrient intake. When the true macronutrient intakes and their inter- relationships are known without error, this investigation shows that Willett's "residual" method is more powerful than the "standard" method (both measuring the effect of calorie substitution) and very similar to the "density" method. Submitted for publication is a paper which examines the ability of currently used energy adjustment regression methods to disentangle the effects of total energy from its component macronutient-specific parts. We determined that, based solely on results from a diet-cancer epidemiologic study, concluding the existence of a specific macronutrient effect as opposed to a generic energy effect is not possible without making additional assumptions.