GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE BINDING PROTEINS AS RECEPTOR-EFFECTOR COUPLERS

鸟嘌呤核苷酸结合蛋白（G蛋白）功能的一个家族 作为受体效应器偶联剂参与跨膜信号传导。 g蛋白 与多种受体结合，包括激素受体， 神经递质、光、气味和某些生长因子。 执行器 调节功能（积极的，在某些情况下，消极的） G蛋白包括cAMP的形成，磷酸肌醇的分解，钾离子的释放。 和钙离子通道，以及cGMP降解。 我们使用了各种 研究表达、分布、调节、结构的技术 G蛋白的功能。 我们的研究强调了 G蛋白家族 使用肽特异性抗体，我们定义了 G蛋白与受体和效应物偶联的特异性。 我们已经在α亚基中创造了突变， 激活，并将其转染到细胞中以确定表型效应 对细胞功能的影响。 我们已经确定了G蛋白和 G蛋白偶联受体是几种人类疾病的基础。 这些研究为理解G蛋白的作用提供了基础 在正常的信号转导和阐明可能的缺陷，G- 蛋白质结构或功能作为异常信号的基础 转导

A family of guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G-proteins) functions in transmembrane signalling as receptor-effector couplers. G-proteins couple to a diverse array of receptors including those for hormones, neurotransmitters, light, odorants, and certain growth factors. Effector functions regulated (positively and, in some instances, negatively) by G-proteins include cAMP formation, phosphoinositide breakdown, potassium and calcium channels, and cGMP degradation. We have used a variety of techniques to study the expression, distribution, regulation, structure and function of G-proteins. Our studies highlight the diversity within the G-protein family. Using peptide specific antibodies, we have defined the specificity of G-proteins in coupling to receptors and effectors. We have created mutations in alpha subunits that cause constitutive activation, and transfected these into cells to define phenotypic effects on cellular function. We have identified mutations in G proteins and in G protein-coupled receptors as the basis of several human diseases. These studies provide the basis for understanding the role of G-proteins in normal signal transduction and for elucidating possible defects in G- protein structure or function as the basis for abnormal signal transduction.