MEmory for MOtor skills through RIpples (MEMORI)

短暂的经历如何转化为持久的记忆痕迹？研究已经证实了学习后睡眠对记忆稳定（“巩固”）的重要性。依赖睡眠的记忆巩固依赖于学习经验的再激活（“重播”），由海马体和其他（下）大脑皮层区域之间的相互作用介导。迄今为止，睡眠依赖性记忆巩固的经验证据主要来自陈述性记忆的研究。因此，在检查睡眠期间运动记忆巩固的特征方面进展甚微。为了探索这个很大程度上未知的领域，我们将利用海马体“涟漪”在陈述性记忆中的作用的广泛发现来询问控制睡眠依赖的运动记忆巩固的神经机制。具体来说，我们将在(i)运动序列学习和（ii）随后的睡眠期间应用直接颅内海马记录（iEEG）和全头部脑磁图（MEG）来评估运动记忆回放的海马特征以及相关的全脑动力学。我们假设：(1)运动序列表征可以从海马iEEG信号和全头部MEG模式中解码；(2)与没有波纹的睡眠时段相比，在波纹期间优先发生再激活；(3)睡眠期间运动序列特异性再激活的特征预测个体夜间行为稳定。结果将阐明海马体在陈述性记忆巩固中的作用，并进一步了解睡眠期间运动记忆巩固的全脑机制。

How are brief experiences converted into durable memory traces? Research has established the importance of post-learning sleep for memory stabilisation ('consolidation'). Sleep-dependent memory consolidation relies on reactivation ('replay') of learning experiences, mediated by interactions between the hippocampus and other (sub)cortical brain regions. To date, empirical evidence for sleep-dependent memory consolidation has been derived mainly from studies on declarative memory. Therefore, little progress has been made in examining the signatures of motor memory consolidation during sleep. To explore this largely uncharted territory, we will leverage the extensive findings on the role of hippocampal 'ripples' for declarative memory to interrogate the neural mechanisms that govern sleep-dependent motor memory consolidation. Specifically, we will apply direct intracranial hippocampal recordings (iEEG) and whole-head Magnetoencephalography (MEG) during (i) motor sequence learning and (ii) subsequent sleep to assess the hippocampal signatures of motor memory replay alongside associated whole-brain dynamics. We hypothesise that (1) motor sequence representations can be decoded from the hippocampal iEEG signals and whole-head MEG patterns, (2) reactivation preferentially occurs during ripples compared to sleep episodes without ripples and that (3) signatures of motor sequence-specific reactivation during sleep predict overnight behavioural stabilisation across individuals. Results will elucidate the role of the hippocampus in consolidation beyond declarative memory and further our understanding of whole-brain mechanisms that enable motor memory consolidation during sleep.