ORGANO-CLAYS FOR REDUCING ORGANIC CONTAMINANT TRANSPORT THROUGH CLAY BARRIERS

这些项目的重点是发现和开发新的 从蒙皂石粘土矿物和相关材料中提取的基本材料 分层结构，用于环境保护和修复。 我们的目标是开发经济和技术上可行的材料 可用于(1)去除、固定和浓缩有机物质 水中存在的污染物，以及(2)将有机污染物转化为 毒性较小的形式。在这份提案中，我们将强调环境和低 毒物的温度转化及改性粘土的开发 吸附剂将增强目前的粘土屏障技术，用于 控制污染化学品，以及水处理技术 去除地下水、渗滤液和工业废物中的污染物 溪流。我们的战略是基于粘土的化学修饰 矿物和相关结构使用合理的表面化学方法 生产新型吸附剂和催化剂。这种方法利用了 事实上，粘土在经济上是可行的，在化学和 结构多样化。此外，许多在这里研究的粘土 项目是土壤的组成部分，因此技术的各个方面 本文的研究成果可应用于污染的现场修复。 土壤。 这些研究项目有三个主要目标。首先，继续我们的 致力于设计化学改性柱撑粘土以去除 受污染的水中的有机污染物。其次，评估 特定改性粘土对减少有机污染物迁移的效果 污染物穿过粘土屏障。第三个目标是利用粘土 支持生物制药和化学转化，以实现常压和低成本 毒物向低毒和高毒物的温度转变 可生物降解的形式。

These projects are focused on the discovery and development of new fundamental materials, derived from smectite clay minerals and related layered structures, for use in environmental protection and restoration. Our goal is to develop economically and technically feasible materials that are useful for (1) removing, immobilizing and concentrating organic contaminants present in water, and (2) converting organic contaminants into less toxic forms. In this proposal we will emphasize ambient and low temperature conversions of toxicants, and the development of modified clay adsorbents that will augment current clay barrier technology for the containment of pollutant chemicals, as well as water treatment technology for removing contaminants from groundwater, leachate and industrial waste streams. Our strategy is based on the chemical modification of clay minerals and related structures using rational surface chemical methods to produce novel adsorbents and catalysts. This approach takes advantage of the fact that clays are economically practical as well as chemically and structurally diverse. Additionally, many of the clays studied in this project are components of soils so that aspects of the technologies developed herein may be applicable to in situ restoration of contaminated soils. These research projects have three major goals. First, to continue our efforts to design chemically modified pillared clays for the removal of organic pollutants from contaminated water. Secondly, to evaluate the efficacy of specific modified clays in reducing transport of organic contaminants through clay barriers. The third goal is to utilize clay supported biomemitic and chemical conversions to achieve ambient and low temperature transformations of toxicants into less toxic and more biodegradable forms.