ABSORPTION PILLARED CLAYS AND SORPTIVE REMOVAL OF CONTAMINATION FROM WATER

这些项目的重点是发现和开发新的 从蒙皂石粘土矿物和相关矿物中提取的基本材料 分层结构，用于环境保护和恢复。 我们的目标是开发经济和技术上可行的材料， 可用于（1）除去、固定和浓缩有机物， （2）将有机污染物转化为 毒性较小的形式。 在本提案中，我们将强调环境和低 有毒物质的温度转化，以及改性粘土的开发 吸附剂，将增加目前的粘土屏障技术， 污染化学品的控制以及水处理技术 用于去除地下水、渗滤液和工业废物中的污染物 溪流 我们的策略是基于粘土的化学改性 矿物和相关结构使用合理的表面化学方法， 生产新型吸附剂和催化剂。 这种方法利用了 粘土在经济上和化学上都是实用的， 结构多样。 此外，本研究中研究的许多粘土 项目是土壤的组成部分，因此， 本文所开发的方法可适用于受污染的 土壤 这些研究项目有三个主要目标。 第一，继续我们的 努力设计化学改性的柱撑粘土， 有机污染物从受污染的水。 第二，评价 特定改性粘土在减少有机物迁移中的功效 污染物通过粘土屏障。 第三个目标是利用粘土 支持仿生和化学转化，以实现环境和低 有毒物质在温度下转化为毒性较小、 生物降解形式。

These projects are focused on the discovery and development of new fundamental materials, derived from smectite clay minerals and related layered structures, for use in environmental protection and restoration. Our goal is to develop economically and technically feasible materials that are useful for (1) removing, immobilizing and concentrating organic contaminants present in water, and (2) converting organic contaminants into less toxic forms. In this proposal we will emphasize ambient and low temperature conversions of toxicants, and the development of modified clay adsorbents that will augment current clay barrier technology for the containment of pollutant chemicals, as well as water treatment technology for removing contaminants from groundwater, leachate and industrial waste streams. Our strategy is based on the chemical modification of clay minerals and related structures using rational surface chemical methods to produce novel adsorbents and catalysts. This approach takes advantage of the fact that clays are economically practical as well as chemically and structurally diverse. Additionally, many of the clays studied in this project are components of soils so that aspects of the technologies developed herein may be applicable to in situ restoration of contaminated soils. These research projects have three major goals. First, to continue our efforts to design chemically modified pillared clays for the removal of organic pollutants from contaminated water. Secondly, to evaluate the efficacy of specific modified clays in reducing transport of organic contaminants through clay barriers. The third goal is to utilize clay supported biomemitic and chemical conversions to achieve ambient and low temperature transformations of toxicants into less toxic and more biodegradable forms.