UK City Regions - How Competitive in a Global Economy: What Do the Secondary Data Tell Us?

这项研究将鼓励对英国经济的领土形状和城市地区对国家经济竞争力的贡献进行更明智的辩论。人们对不同类型的城市对国家和国际经济竞争力的经济贡献越来越感兴趣。该项目将通过分析欧统局、经合组织和区域总司建立的一系列数据库，促进这一研究和政策辩论。该项目将利用我们早期的一些研究，这些研究都产生了政策影响。近几个月来，欧统局和经合组织提供了数据集，为更广泛的欧洲和国际城市地区提供了更多关于商定边界的最新数据，并提供了更广泛的指标，使我们能够更新我们的调查结果。该项目将植根于我们近年来开发的关于地方竞争力根源的分析框架，并将重点关注城市经济增长和竞争力的驱动因素：创新，基础设施，部门组合和经济多样性，熟练和适应性强的劳动力，连通性，地方质量和战略治理能力。我们将重点关注国内生产总值、劳动力市场和人口趋势等关键绩效指标，以及创新、技能、经济多样性和连通性等竞争力主要驱动因素的指标。我们将使用三个来源的数据：（i）欧盟统计局的地区和城市数据库;（ii）经合组织的城市地区数据库;（iii）城市审计的“大城市区”数据收集。我们的重点主要是2000-10十年，使我们能够探索在当前经济危机之前和期间的发展。数据分析将建立在经合组织为分析区域经济业绩而制定的方法基础上，但将适用于不同的空间层次-城市区域。它将有两个独立但相关的要素：基准，侧重于经济业绩的模式;回归分析，侧重于业绩与竞争力的主要驱动因素之间的关系。确定基准将涉及根据期初的人均国内总产值水平和整个期间的增长率对城市区域分组进行比较。然后将根据竞争力的驱动因素评估这些城市区域集团的业绩。这一分析要素的目的是通过起点和增长率来比较绩效-在每个发展水平上对增长较快和较慢的城市地区进行基准测试，以与我们的驱动因素相关。回归分析将把城市地区增长率与人均国内生产总值的初始基线水平相关联，并将竞争力的驱动因素与城市地区增长水平和速度相关联。其目的是确定人均国内总产值和增长水平的趋同或趋异模式，并挑出各组中个别驱动因素的作用。整个数据分析将使我们能够：-将英国城市地区的表现与欧洲和国际同行进行比较。比较城市区域绩效与国家和区域经济绩效。比较危机前和危机期间城市区域的表现。将城市区域增长与发展水平相关联。- 将竞争力的驱动因素与经济绩效联系起来。我们还将通过引入更广泛的地理和治理背景来发展经合组织的方法。例如，我们将研究欧洲北部、南部、东部和西部的城市区域绩效模式。我们还将研究城市地区在不同类型的国家治理安排的表现，建立在我们现有的分析联邦，区域化，北欧，单一和单一的中央集权制度。

This study will encourage a more informed debate about the territorial shape of the UK economy and the contribution of city regions to national economic competitiveness. There is growing research and policy interest in the economic contribution that different kinds of cities make to national and international economic competitiveness. The project would contribute to this research and policy debate by analysing a series of databases created by Eurostat, the OECD, and DG Regio. The project would capitalise upon some of our earlier research studies, which all made a policy impact. In recent months, datasets have become available from Eurostat and the OECD which provide more up to date data, on agreed boundaries, for a wider set of European and international city regions and a wider set of indicators and allow us to update our findings. The project would be rooted in the analytic framework we have developed in recent years on the roots of place competitiveness and would focus on the drivers of urban economic growth and competitiveness: innovation, infrastructure, sectoral mix and economic diversity, skilled and adaptable workforce, connectivity, place quality and strategic governance capacity. We will focus on key performance measures such as GDP, labour market and demographic trends and on indicators of the key drivers of competitiveness - innovation, skills, economic diversity and connectivity. We will use data from three sources: (i) Eurostat's regions and cities database; (ii) the OECD's city region database; and (iii) the Urban Audit's 'Larger Urban Zone' data collection. Our focus is principally on the 2000-10 decade, allowing us to explore developments before and during the current economic crisis.The data analysis will build upon the methodology developed by OECD for the analysis of regional economic performance but will be applied at a different spatial level - city regions. It will have two separate but related elements: benchmarking, which will concentrate upon patterns of economic performance; and regression analysis, which will concentrate upon the relationships between performance and key drivers of competitiveness. Benchmarking will involve comparisons of city region groupings based on both levels of GDP per capita at the start of the period and growth rates over the period as a whole. The performance of these city region groupings will then be assessed in relation to the drivers of competitiveness. The aim of this element of the analysis will be to compare performance by starting point and growth rates - benchmarking faster and slower growing city regions at each level of development against one another in relation to our drivers. The regression analysis will correlate city region growth rates with initial baseline GDP per capita levels and the drivers of competitiveness with city region growth levels and rates. The aim would be to identify patterns of convergence or divergence by both levels of GDP per capita and growth and to single out the role of individual drivers across the groupings. The data analysis as a whole will enable us to:- Benchmark the performance of UK city-regions against European and international counterparts.- Compare city region performance with national and regional economic performance.- Compare city region performance before and during the crisis.- Correlate city region growth with levels of development. - Correlate drivers of competitiveness with economic performance. We will also develop the OECD methodology by introducing a wider geographical and governance context. For example, we will examine patterns of city regional performance across broad European geographies - North, South, East and West. We will also examine the performance of city regions in different kinds of national governance arrangements, building upon our existing analysis of federal, regionalised, Nordic, unitary and unitary centralised systems.