Reuniting planning and health: tackling the implementation gaps in evidence, governance and knowledge

越来越多的科学证据表明，现在所说的“健康的社会决定因素”以及了解不平等的根本原因的必要性。在地方、国家甚至国际层面采取行动的紧迫性在政治议程上比以往任何时候都更重要，以解决我们生活的社会、经济和环境方面的问题，并审查可能影响我们健康的政策。建成的环境以及我们设计和建设社区的方式是被研究确定为“健康的社会决定因素”的一个关键领域。现在的证据表明，我们生活的地方可以对我们的身体、精神、社会、环境和经济福祉产生深远的影响。北半球的现代城市规划诞生于19世纪末：城市污水处理系统和精心设计的街道排水系统的建立以及公共空间和建筑的设计，是为了应对快速和混乱的城市化和工业化，特别是为了保护健康、促进卫生和高质量的环境空气以及防止虫害而产生的。然而，尽管公共卫生和规划似乎具有天然的互补性，但这两个可以为建设健康可持续社区、城市规划师和公共卫生从业者做出贡献的职业在20世纪沿着不同的道路发展，具有不同的认识论、治理和政策优先事项和职权范围。今天，缺乏共享的知识库正在阻碍规划与健康的重新结合以及对规划决策对健康的影响的系统考虑。这次系列研讨会的目的是为在这一新的研究和实践领域非常活跃的学者和实践者提供一个论坛，讨论将规划与健康重新结合的障碍，并寻找可行的和经济上可行的解决方案。研究确定研讨会系列的三个相互关联的核心主题是促进健康规划的关键：1.空间规划的公共健康证据：谁应该向规划者提供健康证据，以及公共健康证据的覆盖面、规模和呈现方式应该是什么，以满足空间规划的需要？2.健康和规划的治理：确保健康和规划优先事项重新统一的治理和政策的主要特点是什么？3.通过培训和专业发展发展共享知识库：应向后代健康规划者和社区提供什么类型的培训，谁应该提供它？该系列将把国际学者和利益攸关方聚集在一起，讨论这些问题并找到解决方案。论坛和基于研究的项目通常不会给从业者提供机会，让他们从一开始就了解研究议程。该系列旨在确保用户在整个项目期间的参与。虽然这场辩论旨在促进国际良好做法的分享和确定未来的研究议程，但它也旨在通过英国和欧洲利益攸关方的参与以及管理与健康社区建设相关的三个项目的官员的参与，为英国和欧洲的政策制定提供信息，这些项目包括世卫组织健康城市、公共卫生英格兰的健康人-健康场所和英国政府的能力建设大地方计划。因此，该系列研讨会的主要目的是确定公共卫生如何通过为公共卫生和规划学者、实践者、政策制定者和教育工作者之间的创新合作和有效沟通奠定基础，从而为规划实践提供信息。通过辩论和讨论，该系列研讨会将提供机会，超越现有的孤岛，并开始建立政策整合战略和卫生规划的跨学科领域，为政府和研究议程服务

There is increasing scientific evidence on what is now referred as the "social determinants of health" and on the need to understand the root causes of inequities. The imperative for action at local, national and even international level is higher on political agendas than ever to address social, economic, environmental aspects of our lives and examine policies that can affect our health. The built environment and the way in which we design and build our communities is one key area identified by research as a "social determinant of health". Evidence shows now that the places where we spend our lives can have a profound impact on pour physical, mental, social, environmental and economic well being. Modern city planning in the Northern hemisphere was born towards the end of the 19th century: the establishment of urban sewage system and carefully designed street drainage as well as the design of public spaces and buildings emerged out of the need to address rapid and chaotic urbanisation and industrialisation and in particular to protect health, to promote sanitation and quality ambient air, and to prevent infestation. Yet, while public health and planning seem to be naturally complementary, the two professions that can contribute to the making of healthy sustainable communities, city planners and public health practitioners have developed in different paths along the 20th century with different epistemologies, governance and policies priorities and remit. Today, the lack of a shared knowledge base is impeding the reuniting of planning and health and the systematic consideration of health impact of planning decisions.This seminar series will aim to offer a forum for academics and practitioners very active in this new field of research and practice to discuss the obstacles to reuniting planning and health and identifying workable and economically viable solutions. Three interlinked core themes of the seminar series have been identified by research as key to facilitate healthy planning: 1. Public health evidence for spatial planning: who should supply health evidence to planners and what should be the coverage, scale and presentation of public health evidence to meet the needs of spatial planning?2. The governance of health and planning: what are the key features of governance and policies to ensure the reuniting of health and planning priorities?3. The development of a shared knowledge base through training and professional development: what type of training should be made available to future generations of healthy planners and communities, who should deliver it?The series will bring together international academics and stakeholders to discuss these issues and identify solutions. Fora and research based projects do not usually give the opportunity for practitioners to inform research agenda from its inception. The series is built to ensure users' involvement for the whole duration of the project. While the debate aims to stimulate the sharing of international good practice and identifying future research agenda, it also aims to inform policy development in the UK and in Europe through the involvement of UK and European stakeholders and officers managing three programmes linked to the building of healthy communities, including WHO Healthy Cities, Public Health England's Healthy People-Healthy Places and the UK government's capacity building Big Local programme. The overarching aim of the seminar series is therefore to identify how public health can inform planning practice by providing a foundation for innovative collaboration and effective communication between public health and planning academics, practitioners, policy-makers and educationists. Through debate and discussion, the seminar series will provide opportunity to move beyond existing silos and begin to establish strategies for policy integration and transdisciplinary field of healthy planning which can serve government and research agendas